17 Proofreading Techniques for Business Communication

17 Proofreading Techniques for Business Communication At long last. Your archive is just about complete. It’s been composed, checked on, accumulated, and re-assessed. With the last alters set up, it’s now prepared to be edited. Editing can appear to be a basic undertaking in business correspondence. Notwithstanding, the scrupulousness and exceptional center it requires implies that editing is as trying as it is significant. Be that as it may, there are numerous strategies you can use to guarantee this assignment is finished well and viably. This article features our top procedures. Why is Proofreading Important? Editing can assist you with improving the coherence and nature of your records. Ensure that your composing is sans blunder and expert. What is Proofreading? Editing incorporates evaluating for sentence structure, right utilization of language, and configuration. It’s the last contacts expected to guarantee a business archive is right, steady, and expert. When Do I Proofread? Editing is regularly bewildered with altering. Altering includes corrections of the report, regularly with significant changes, to guarantee arrangement with objectives, exactness of data, or adjustment of tone. Just once those major alters are finished can the record move to the editing stage. Editing guarantees the last substance is liberated from semantic and arranging blunders. 17 Proofreading Techniques: The accompanying rundown presents the techniques we suggest for better editing. These strategies fortify your editing procedure and information. 1. Step Away, Then Focus At whatever point conceivable, advance away from the record before editing. This is urgent when you are the document’s creator. You are excessively near the substance, making it hard to have an unmistakable, target eye on the content. We suggest taking a 24-hour break from the substance before editing for greatest adequacy. 2. Print a Hard Copy Proof of Your Document Numerous editors think that its simpler to edit with a physical archive. Printing the report makes it simpler to peruse and permits you to edit in more places. 3. Peruse Aloud Great editing is done gradually. Essentially perusing it ordinarily permits your cerebrum to fill in holes and fix mistakes in your brain and skip them on the page. Perusing so anyone might hear guarantees that each word and accentuation mark is confirmed. It additionally features abnormal sentences since it will sound more off-kilter for all to hear than on the page. Helpfully, there are online projects that will help with this errand. Utilize your computer’s text-to-voice capacity to have your record perused to you. Having your PC perused to you will help get grammatical errors that you may skirt as you probably are aware the first aim of the sentence. 4. Line up With Company Style Standards Most organizations have style gauges for outside archives. Guarantee you have these rules close within reach while editing. These rules may extend from textual style decision to favored spellings to edge size and that's only the tip of the iceberg. These subtleties guarantee consistency over an association. 5. Expel Excess Words Business composing is brief and direct. Abundance words, similar to descriptive words or intensifiers, can take away from the message. Being mindful so as not to violate into altering, survey the content for pointless words that don't increase the value of the content. Furthermore, incidental overabundance or rehash words are mistaken and can be missed preceding sealing. 6. Clarify or Remove Jargon Particular wording or abbreviations ought to be utilized sparingly, if by any means, in business composing. At the point when utilized fittingly for the peruser, they despite everything must be clarified. For the most part, the main notice of an abbreviation is illuminated totally with the abbreviation followed in sections. A new specialized term ought to be clarified in the content before being referenced. Terms that are hard for the peruser ought to be evacuated and supplanted with progressively available wording. 7. Check Sentence Structure An appropriate sentence must have a subject, an action word, and express a total idea. Basic, correct? However, sentence parts and run-on sentences can sneak into an in any case extraordinary content. Audit each sentence for legitimate structure and accentuation. 8. Audit Flow and Sequencing One go of the report must be an elevated level audit. This outline checks the association of the record to guarantee it has legitimate stream and sequencing. Check for arranging consistency, request, and numbering of pictures, tables, and indeces, and the general introduction. 9. Use Software Innovation is your companion with regards to editing. Microsoft’s Spelling and Grammar apparatus and Grammarly’s online supervisor are two convenient devices to find spelling, linguistic blunders, and some language structure mistakes that your spellcheck may miss. Utilize these apparatuses as a first output. They will get distinguishable blunders. Be that as it may, word decision and homonyms are regularly just found by the natural eye. You can look at our rundown of the top apparatuses for tone, altering, and language structure (among others business composing needs!) on our blog. 10. Recruit an Editor or Ask Colleagues/Friends On the off chance that you’re way, excessively near your report, sealing it yourself may not be a smart thought. For this situation, look for a really target assessment and survey. Recruiting a supervisor to finish the editing stage can be an important speculation. On the other hand, asking a companion or associate to evidence your content can give a new point of view. 11. Take a Course Editing is an expertise that is found out, sharpened, and improved. In the same way as other composing aptitudes, sealing can be created through training. Taking a seminar on sealing will assist you with acing the procedure. We offer a Proofreading Course with Grammar Review that sharpens the abilities required to successfully edit in a business situation. Maintain a strategic distance from Common Mistakes These strategies will assist you with getting the trickiest business correspondence mistakes. 12. Check Homonyms At the point when a word sounds right, the speedy peruser can confuse it with being right. Homonyms are an agonizing yet significant thing to check. Counting acknowledge where aside from is planned can be humiliating or even unfortunate in business correspondence. Guarantee the word decision is the right one. 13. Check Apostrophes Punctuations are regularly positioned mistakenly. Punctuations are never utilized for plurals, however some way or another they frequently show up in that capacity. While stirring up organizations with company’s may not be terrible, it is befuddling and amateurish. 14. Certainty Check Representatives, partners, and customers depend on business correspondences for data and choices. Thusly, they should be exact. Regardless of whether it is the customer name spelling, the business division area, or the approach sheet, each detail must be right. Reality checking these subtleties will guarantee the record is significant and helpful. 15. Confirm Numbers, Times, and Dates Numerical data is frequently the most basic and the simplest to mistype. Each number must be checked. A lost decimal or zero of every a spending line can be a shocking mistake. Times ought to be watched that they are right, including the time region. Dates must be right to the day of the month and the week. Triple checking the numbers isn't an over-the-top propensity. 16. Check Names Composing a staff’s, colleague’s, or client’s name erroneously or totally wrong is just ill bred. It can prompt disarray, yet more significantly, it demonstrates helpless scrupulousness to the most notable individuals: the peruser or subject of the business correspondence. 17.Test Hyperlinks and Phone Numbers Site and telephone numbers are helpful. In any case, they become disappointing or disregarded in the event that they are mistaken. In the editing procedure, click on every hyperlink, type in each web address, and dial each telephone number remembered for the report to guarantee they will accurately coordinate the peruser. Idiot proof These seventeen procedures will improve your editing abilities. Cut out the chance to appropriately survey and execute every one of these procedures and your business correspondence will be precise, important, and proficient.

Discussion Questions Week 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Conversation Questions Week 3 - Essay Example ANOVA (investigation of fluctuation) is utilized to test the contrasts between multiple gatherings. The contrast among ANOVA and test factual testing is that it thinks about something other than a couple of factors. The significance of theory testing when directing exploration is that it poses a speculative inquiry just as answers it. Without speculation testing, the theory would be futile in light of the fact that there were no endeavors to demonstrate or refute it. Likewise, the purpose of concocting a speculation is to test it, with the goal that it can either be demonstrated or disproven; for the situation that it is demonstrated, it can turn into a logical hypothesis. There are not very many situations when theory testing isn't utilized, and those cases are normally when the appropriate response is very evident and it would be an exercise in futility and cash to test on it. At the point when somebody thinks of an eminent hypothesis, the main thing they truly can do is test it to check whether it is conceivable. Theory testing is a basic piece of directing exploration as it helps in one, doing the correct examination to abstain from destroying completely and two, the happen upon the needed outcome (or at times, the unforeseen

Sammys development through the story

â€Å"A&P†, composed by John Updike is considered as a commencement story. It centers around Sammy, an assistant and his involvement in the three young ladies and Lengel. The principle character, from the start is reliant on his family and their associations with endure. He was utilized by his dad and mother’s companion, Lengel and it is implied that his grandma affected him and that they were all the while seeing one another. Additionally, he was all the while living with his folks since his mom was the person who pressed his shirt for that day. With this reliance on his family, tragically, comes a value: he should do his best not to agitate nor disillusion his folks. Like most little youngsters, Sammy was interested, attentive and quite often ponders. With the appearance of the young ladies, Sammy from the start receives the typical reaction of a youthful, juvenile youngster and that was to respect the young ladies dependent on their appearance. Generally one not to submit botches, he was reprimanded by an old woman for his slip by. Rather than assuming liability for his misstep, he comforts himself by saying that the elderly person was a witch who had nothing better to do. In the initial segments of the story, he was as yet puerile and hormonally determined, particularly when he was with his companion Stokesie as they â€Å"checked out† the young ladies. For him to take such an unmistakable fascination and divert him from his duty accentuates the enticement that the girlsâ€or all the more explicitly, the â€Å"Queen†Ã¢â‚¬posed on him. The circumstance was then exacerbated since they began to stroll around with only their swimming outfits and divert everybody around them, and accidentally tempt individuals with their motions. The fantasy was broken when Lengel entered and began to advise them before everybody. The young ladies circumventing the passageways can be deciphered as a fantasy for Sammy; three appealing little youngsters strolling gradually around noticeable all around adapted room under the lights in their swimming outfits without any sea shores close by. It was incredible and fabulous; it was a fantasy for each hormone dynamic youngster. Indeed, even the way that they wound up in his path and the way that the â€Å"Queen† took out her installment resembled a â€Å"dream come true†. The development of the young ladies and the way that each part of them was accentuated appeared to be eminent. The pace of the story itself is by all accounts fanciful in nature, all observed in Sammy’s eyes. Lengel’s entrance from the outside breaks the fantasy; his passageway can be deciphered as reality returning. Truly, a kid like Sammy needs to reply to a definitive figure spoke to by Lengel. His chief represented obligation and the finish of youth dreams. Updike portrays that Lengel is the strict kind of man, one who trains Sunday school. He begins to scold the young ladies and humiliated them before each body. Sammy watches the young ladies express their purposes behind coming in yet Lengel still counsels them. In Sammy’s eyes, Lengel was being nonsensical and wanted to have things just two different ways: his way or one is a reprobate for not following. By then, the primary character understands that the circumstance is more convoluted than the young ladies not following approach. What Lengel did in Sammy’s eyes was a demonstration of intensity; utilizing his situation as administrator to scold the young ladies as well as humiliates them. Regardless of whether the young lady was just satisfying a task for her mom, he still didn’t tune in. Clearly the â€Å"Queen† made a special effort to purchase the container of herring snacks since the sea shore was miles and miles away. Likewise, the â€Å"Queen† appeared to be of a higher social class than Sammy; he sees this and understands the distinction between the them two. Before they left, the fundamental character made a demonstration of stopping, an aberrant method of telling the young ladies that he was holding fast and that he imagines that they were untreated decently. Tragically, as opposed to his optimal dreams of them considering him to be their legend, they left him to battle for himself. A sign of his development was appeared in the manner that he would not withdraw regardless of being separated from everyone else as he would see it since he has built up the feeling that one must proceed with one’s moves and make duty regarding them. He at that point gathered up the mental fortitude to scrutinize the expert for their activities. Lengel then disclosed to Sammy his own perspective on what happened, guiding another acknowledgment for the fundamental character. The acknowledgment is that not all things are high contrast and that individuals will in general have varying feelings and their own perspective, never understanding the damage that they cause others. Likewise, as opposed to what is normally educated, by and by, individuals will pick their own advantages and will think about the government assistance of others. Like on account of Lengel, the director imagined that they were the ones being humiliated by the young ladies and not the reverse way around. It was then evident that Lengel pulled this show of intensity since every other person was viewing and that he felt that the trustworthiness of the store was being compromised. In Lengel’s eyes, the young ladies were putting on an obscene act for everybody and even diverted his most trusty agent. However Sammy still held a portion of his reliance and hunger for endorsement since he quickly thought of his grandma and how pleased she would be of him in the event that she could see him now. Lengel then began to help Sammy to remember his obligation to his folks, a sacrosanct pledge that he was not permitted to break. In his change of development, he proceeded with his choice knowing the outcomes and altogether disclosed to Lengel that he comprehended what he was doing and that the supervisor was simply the person who didn’t realize what he himself was doing. By then, Sammy built up an alternate feeling dependent on what he saw and what his perspective was, motioning to the crowd that he was displaying a similar conduct as the grown-ups. He at that point begins to shed the garments that represented his reliance: the tie and the cover. However with his activities, Sammy still radiated that optimistic and innocent quality that empowered him to mind whether the young ladies were still there or that he can make a spotless exit since it was summer and he didn’t need to bumble around for his winter clothing. Over the span of the story, he has tended to the customers as â€Å"sheep†, letting themselves grouped into one point or the other. His portrayal takes life when the customers stood and never really shield the youngsters from Lengel’s obnoxious attack, not at all like Sammy who went to bat for what he had faith in. As Sammy left the store, Lengel is seen dealing with the â€Å"sheep† in his place, the individuals who were all the while ready to follow authority regardless of its second thoughts. The last progress at that point happened by then: Sammy understood that battling for what you had faith in would be hard and frequently times would leave you desolate and that since he has separated from himself from his reliance on his folks, he would need to make it out on the world all alone. This change is represented by Sammy remaining in the sweltering summer sun with nobody however the mother who is disappointed at her kids while the others are inside in the solace of the cooled A&P. Seeing Lengel with such an unforgiving articulation additionally made Sammy understand that the world has not been cordial to the elderly person either, and that he must be solid and be how he is simply to endure. He needed to forego different people’s emotions and put his inclinations first. From being a whimsical, hormonally determined spoiled kid, Sammy developed into a dependable man who isn't happy to withdraw from what he puts stock in once he sees foul play being submitted. Like a youngster, he proceeded with his choices and wouldn't be scared by dangers or enthusiastic coercion. However like a little fellow, he despite everything holds his vision and by one way or another had an inclination that the world was much progressively confounded that he thought and that only one out of every odd â€Å"right† thing was remunerated. Supporting what was correct will end up being troublesome in a universe of Lengels who all idea that they were the ones who were correct. If he somehow happened to decline to see foul play and stand up and restrict expert for what he had confidence in each and every time, at that point like his involvement with A&P, he will have no real option except to leave. Either that or he would need to be cruel as was Lengel. It is likewise fascinating to take note of that while Sammy was portraying the story, his folks imagined that it was dismal; yet Sammy himself barely cared about as though he acknowledged what unfolded.

Social Marketing Campaign for Youth Gangs Assignment

Social Marketing Campaign for Youth Gangs - Assignment Example This paper announces that the multiplication of posses is a national and neighborhood issue. The youthful times of posse individuals and coming about individual and aggregate degenerate practices make them a specific national concern. The essential age scope of pack individuals is somewhere in the range of 12 and 24 years, with the normal ages of 17 and 18 years. These are youngsters who ought to concentrate in school and being formed by society to go after their fantasies and highest possibilities. Rather, they are taking part in degenerate and criminal practices. States and neighborhood networks additionally experience a rising frequency of pack enrollment. This paper makes an end that in Atlanta, International Robbing Crew and 30 Deep are two of the biggest packs. They are for the most part engaged with medications and thefts. The writing on the social setting of posse participation contains various logical inconsistencies. Albert Cohen progresses a subculture hypothesis that looks to clarify why the young join packs. Specifically, a pack gives them the chance to have a place, to build up their feeling of manliness, to accomplish something that is â€Å"valuable†, or to battle white collar class society and authority follows the investigation of analyst Erik Erikson to comprehend group participation. Erik Erikson contends that character is a â€Å"developmental phenomenon† formed by the social conditions and inside formative procedures. A social and social foundation that accommodates the personality arrangement procedure and assists young people with accomplishing their human character needs is gainful to a strong charac ter development.

Economy of the Philippines Essay

The Economy of the Philippines is the 43rd biggest on the planet, as indicated by 2011 World Bank measurements and it is likewise one of the developing markets in the world.[24] According to the CIA Factbook, the evaluated 2011 GDP (buying power equality) was 391.1 billion.[5] Goldman Sachs gauges that constantly 2050, it will be the fourteenth biggest economy on the planet, Goldman Sachs additionally remembered the Philippines for its rundown of the Next Eleven economies. HSBC ventures the Philippine economy to turn into the sixteenth biggest economy on the planet, fifth biggest economy in Asia and the biggest economy in the South East Asian area by 2050.[25] Essential fares incorporate semiconductors and electronic items, transport gear, pieces of clothing, copper items, oil based goods, coconut oil, and natural products. Significant exchanging accomplices incorporate the United States, Japan, China, Singapore, South Korea, the Netherlands, Hong Kong, Germany, Taiwan, and Thailand. As a recently industrialized nation, the Philippine economy has been progressing from one dependent on farming to one dependent on administrations and assembling. The Philippines is one of the Tiger Cub Economies in Southeast Asia together with Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. Contents| Macroeconomic patterns See likewise: Economy of Asia, Economic history of the Philippines (1973â€1986), Post-EDSA macroeconomic history of the Philippines, and Economic Crisis and Response in the Philippines The Philippine economy has been developing consistently over decades and the International Monetary Fund in 2011 revealed it as the 45th biggest economy on the planet. Anyway its development has been behind that of a considerable lot of its Asian neighbors, the alleged Asian Tigers, nor is it a piece of the Group of 20 countries. Rather it is frequently assembled in a second level of developing markets or of recently industrialized nations. Contingent on the investigator, this subsequent level can pass by the name the Next Eleven or the Tiger Cub Economies. It has not experienced the downturn on the planet economy that started in 2007. A diagram of chosen insights demonstrating patterns in the total national output of the Philippines utilizing information taken from the International Monetary Fund. Creation by area As a recently industrialized nation, the Philippines is as yet an economy with an enormous horticultural division; be that as it may, administrations have come to overwhelm the economy.[citation needed] Much of the modern area depends on handling and gathering activities in the assembling of gadgets and other cutting edge segments, normally from outside worldwide enterprises. Filipinos who get on to workâ€- known as Overseas Filipino Workers or OFWsâ€are a noteworthy supporter of the economy however are not reflected in the underneath sectoral conversation of the household economy. [edit] Agriculture The horticulture area makes up 12% of the GDP and utilizes 33% of the workforce. The sort of action ranges from little resource cultivating and angling to enormous business adventures with huge fare center, for example, major worldwide organizations like Dole Food Company and Del Monte Foods. The Philippines is the world’s biggest maker of coconuts creating 19,500,000 tons in 2009. Coconut creation in the Philippines is commonly moved in medium-sized farms.[30] By 1995, the creation of coconut in the Philippines had encountered a 6.5% yearly development and later outperformed Indonesia in complete yield in the world.[31] The Philippines is additionally the world’s biggest maker of pineapples, with 2,198 thousand metric tons.[32] Rice Production in the Philippines is imperative to the food flexibly in the nation and economy. The nation is the eighth biggest rice maker on the planet, representing 2.8% of worldwide rice production.[33] However, the nation is likewise the w orld’s biggest rice shipper in 2010.[34] Rice is the most significant food crop, a staple food in the majority of the nation. It is delivered widely in Luzon, the Western Visayas, Southern Mindanao, and Central Mindanao. Shipbuilding and fix The Philippines is a significant player in the worldwide shipbuilding industry with shipyards in Subic, Cebu, General Santos City and Batangas.[35][36] It turned into the fourth biggest shipbuilding country in 2010.[37][38] Subic-made payload vessels are presently sent out to nations where delivering administrators are based. South Korea’s Hanjin began creation in Subic in 2007 of the 20 boats requested by German and Greek delivery operators.[39] The country’s shipyards are presently fabricating ships like mass bearers, holder ships and huge traveler ships. General Santos’ shipyard is fundamentally for transport fix and maintenance.[40] Being encircled by waters, the nation has plentiful normal remote ocean ports perfect for improvement as creation, development and fix destinations. On the current working shipyards, two extra shipyards in Misamis Oriental and Cagayan area are being extended to help future locators. It has an immense labor pool of 60,000 affirmed welders that involve the majority of laborers in shipbuilding. In the boat fix division, the Navotas complex in Metro Manila is relied upon to suit 96 vessels for repair.[41]  Automotive The ABS utilized in Mercedes-Benz, BMW, and Volvo vehicles are made in the Philippines. Ford,[42] Toyota,[43] Mitsubishi, Nissan and Honda are the most noticeable automakers fabricating vehicles in the country.[citation needed] Kia and Suzuki produce little vehicles in the nation. Isuzu additionally delivers SUVs in the nation. Honda and Suzuki produce bikes in the nation. A 2003 Canadian statistical surveying report anticipated that further interests in this division were required to develop in the next years. Toyota sells the most vehicles in the country.[44] By 2011, China’s Chery Automobile organization is going to construct their get together plant in Laguna, that will serve and fare vehicles to different nations in the district if month to month deals would arrive at 1,000 units.[45]  Aerospace Aviation items in the Philippines are for the most part for the fare advertise and incorporate assembling parts for airplane worked by both Boeing and Airbus. English organization MOOG, is the greatest aviation maker with base in Baguio in the Cordillera district. The organization produces airplane actuators in their assembling office. Another British organization British Aerospace is to open assembling office in southern Philippines for the production of galleys utilized in airplane cabin.[46] In 2011, the complete fare yield of aviation items in the Philippines contacted US $3 billion.[47] Hardware Intel has been in the Philippines for a long time as a significant maker of items, including the Pentium 4 processor. A Texas Instruments plant in Baguio has been working for a long time and is the biggest maker of DSP contributes the world.[48] Texas Instruments’ Baguio plant creates all the chips utilized in Nokia PDAs and 80% of chips utilized in Ericsson mobile phones in the world.[49] Until 2005, Toshiba PCs were delivered in Santa Rosa, Laguna. Directly the Philippine plant’s center is in the creation of hard plate drives. Printer producer Lexmark has a production line in Mactan in the Cebu district.  Mining and extraction The nation is rich with mineral and geothermal vitality assets. In 2003, it created 1931 MW of power from geothermal sources (27% of all out power creation), second just to the United States,[50] and an ongoing revelation of gaseous petrol saves in the Malampaya oil fields off the island of Palawan is now being utilized to produce power in three gas-controlled plants. Philippine gold, nickel, copper and chromite stores are among the biggest on the planet. Other significant minerals incorporate silver, coal, gypsum, and sulfur. Noteworthy stores of earth, limestone, marble, silica, and phosphate exist. About 60% of all out digging creation are represented by non-metallic minerals, which contributed considerably to the industry’s consistent yield development somewhere in the range of 1993 and 1998, with the estimation of creation becoming 58%. In 1999, in any case, mineral creation declined 16% to $793 million.[citation needed] Mineral fares have by and large eased back since 19 96. Driven by copper cathodes, Philippine mineral fares added up to $650 million out of 2000, scarcely up from 1999 levels. Low metal costs, high creation costs, absence of interest in framework, and a test to the new mining law have added to the mining industry’s generally decline.[citation needed] The business bounced back beginning in late 2004 when the Supreme Court maintained the legality of a significant law allowing remote responsibility for mining companies.[citation needed] However, the DENR presently can't seem to favor the reconsidered Department Administrative Order (DAO) that will give the Implementing Rules and Regulations of the Financial and Technical Assistance Agreement (FTAA), the particular piece of the 1994 Mining Act that permits 100% outside responsibility for mines.[citation needed] Offshoring and re-appropriating As indicated by an IBM Global Location Trends Annual Report, as of December 2010[update] the Philippines has outperformed India as the world head in business process outsourcing.[51][52] most of the main ten BPO firms of the United States work in the Philippines.[citation needed] Total occupations in the business developed to 100,000 and add up to incomes were set at $960 million for 2005. In 2012, BPO area work swelled to more than 700,000 individuals and is adding to a developing white collar class. BPO offices are found primarily in Metro Manila and Cebu City albeit other provincial regions, for example, Baguio, Bacolod, Cagayan de Oro, Clark Freeport Zone, Dagupan, Davao City, Legazpi, Dumaguete, Lipa, Iloilo City, and CamSur are presently being advanced and created for BPO activities. Call focuses started in the Philippines as plain suppliers of email reaction and overseeing administrations and is currently a significant wellspring of utilize

McCain and Obama Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

McCain and Obama - Essay Example Coming up next is a graph which pinpoints the up-and-comers on issues which rotate around this political race. Each man strolls into the political race with a gigantic measure of ability and unique perspectives. Feels that clinical and individual social insurance bills are the motivation behind why individuals are petitioning for individual chapter 11; trusts in all inclusive human services; would command that all youngsters get medicinal services; would make a national protection program with the goal that individuals and private companies could buy moderate protection Supports bringing charges down to support private ventures; would cut the little corporate expense form from 35-25%;supprts giving tax reductions to organizations that put resources into hardware and innovation; needs a perpetual assessment credit for innovative work Supports charge motivating forces for organizations that keep occupations in the United States;believes that the NAFTA Agreement ought to be re-negociated;would put more cash in joblessness insurance;would give government cash to the states hit hardest by the lodging emergency;

Owens Struggle with Temptation - Literature Essay Samples

Owen Meany is a character who commands attention, not only because of his small stature and high-pitched voice, but also because of his blind and undying faith in God. Yet, even with his God-like qualities, Owen’s attraction to John’s mother, Tabitha, and cousin, Hester, continue to make Owen human, despite his belief that he is an instrument of God. In John Irving’s A Prayer for Owen Meany, the similarities between Tabitha and Hester represent Owen’s lifelong battle with temptation. One major similarity between Tabitha and Hester is the fact that they are both important parts of John’s life. In some ways, they represent the underlying jealousy that Owen has for Johnny. Owen, although he has two parents, is not nearly as loved as Johnny is by his mother. Because of this, Owen is constantly craving the attention of Tabitha who mothers him the way he never is by his own parents. Owen’s selfishness when it comes to Tabitha is seen later on when he refuses to part with the dummy that had belonged to her before she died. Similarly, Owen also experiences jealousy towards Johnny’s relationship with his cousins, who he frequently visits at Sawyer Depot. This can be see in the lines, â€Å"Owen was extremely irritable regarding the time I spent with my cousins†¦I thought he was jealous† (60). Owen and Hester’s relationship later on continues to leave Johnny isolated, as Owen often spends the night at her apartment rather than with h im. Owen’s selfishness when it comes to Tabitha and Hester represent a human side to him unlike his usual purity and almost god-like manor. Aside from being major parts of Johnny’s life, the two women are also similar in that they are both very attractive. Tabitha is often described as beautiful which can be seen in the lines, â€Å"Tabby Wheelwright looked like a starlet—lush, whimsical, easy to talk into anything† (38). Owen himself admits to finding Johnny’s mother attractive on several occasions. Often compared to a feline, Tabitha is not only beautiful, but manipulative as well. While she never purposely manipulates other people, they seem to be almost mesmerized by her charm. Her subtle ability to control people can be seen in the lines, â€Å"She had such a sweet-tempered disposition, it was impossible to stay angry with her. She never appeared to be as assertive as she was† (15). In a way, Owen accidently killing her represented his attempt to escape from his temptation. However, this is never truly achieved because of his lust for Hester later on. Like Tabitha, Hester is also v ery attractive. Even at a young age, Hester seems to radiate a sense of sexuality that gives her the nickname â€Å"Hester the Molester.† She contrasts Owen in that unlike his unrelenting child-like appearance, she appears to be an overly mature girl even as a child. Both Johnny and Owen find her very attractive and both lust for her. Because she is so aware of the affect she has on men, she is able to manipulate others in a way that is reminiscent of Tabitha’s subtle manipulation. The two women continue to draw out the sexual desires in Owen throughout his life. Another similarity between Hester and Tabitha is that they are both involved in a scandal. Johnny’s mother is often criticized for having a child before she is married. The fact that the father turns out to be Reverend Merrill represents an even bigger scandal in that it is as if Tabitha had seduced one of God’s workers. This can be seen again in the way Owen, who thinks of himself as an instrument of God, seemed to lust for her as well. His acknowledgement of her attractiveness is seen when he says, â€Å"Your mother is so sexy, I keep forgetting she’s anyone’s mother† (38). In one incident, Owen goes into Tabitha’s room and falls asleep in her bed, an action that represents his lust for her as well as her willingness to allow it. Although she remains a conservative and modest character throughout the novel, her scandalous past continues to come back up. Yet despite Tabitha’s illegitimate pregnancy, the most scandalous character of th e novel is Hester. Even at a young age, she is suspected of having sexual encounters with many men, which can be seen when it is said, â€Å"Hester was in much need of rescuing from the wildness within her† (265). Later on when she and Owen are suspected of seeing each other, Johnny continues to wonder whether or not they ever sleep together. The mystery and scandal that surround each woman represent the temptation that Owen continues to struggle with throughout his life. In A Prayer for Owen Meany, Owen’s struggle to remain sinless is often tempted by his lust for the characters of Tabitha and Hester. They help Irving to cast Owens battle with temptation in a particularly stark light, and to alert the reader to one of the most important complexities of the apparently principled Owens narrative.