Cinco Leyes Migratorias Fundamentales

Las leyes migratorias de Estados Unidos regulan aspectos tan importantes y diferentes como la nacionalidad, la residencia permanente, las visas de no inmigrante, los castigos, los derechos y las responsabilidades. La materia migratoria es asunto federal, pero hay importantes aspectos que cada estado regula, asà ­ como acciones ejecutivas del presidente que afectan dichas normas, o reglamentos internos del Departamento de Estado o de Seguridad Interna y, de igual forma, sentencias acerca de inmigracià ³n dictadas por la Corte Suprema. Estas cinco leyes migratorias tienen gran alcance. Ley de Inmigracià ³n y Ciudadanà ­a  (Immigration and Nationality Act) Esta ley està ¡ en vigor desde 1952. Conocida tambià ©n como el McCarran- Warren Bill reside en Tà ­tulo 8 del U.S.C. (Cà ³digo de los Estados Unidos). Si bien ha sido enmendada en varias ocasiones, esta ley establecià ³ la estructura migratoria que aà ºn sigue en vigor. Sus puntos principales son: La adquisicià ³n de la ciudadanà ­a por nacimiento o por naturalizacià ³n. El buen carà ¡cter moral como requisito para la adquisicià ³n de la ciudadanà ­a por naturalizacià ³n. Las causas por las que una persona puede ser considerada inadmisible para ingresar a los Estados Unidos y, una vez en el paà ­s, deportada a su paà ­s de origen. Ley Hart-Celler Esta enmienda a la INA pone fin al sistema de emigracià ³n por cuotas segà ºn el paà ­s de origen. Hart-Celler establece un sistema de preferencias en el que la relacià ³n familiar, el talento y los conocimientos ayudan en el momento de solicitar el estatus migratorio. Se mantiene una cuota mà ¡xima por paà ­s dentro de cada categorà ­a y se establece que las personas que son familiares inmediatos de ciudadanos o los trabajadores comprendidos en la categorà ­a de especiales no està ¡n sujetos a tal cuota por paà ­s. Este cambio revolucionario en el manejo de las cuotas dio origen a nuevas olas de inmigracià ³n provenientes de muchos paà ­ses diferentes. Ley de Control y Reforma Migratoria (Immigration Reform and Control Act) Esta ley tambià ©n conocida como Simpson- Mazzoli Act, se conoce popularmente como la amnistà ­a de Ronald Reagan. Gracias a esta se estima que unos tres millones de indocumentados pudieron regularizar su situacià ³n migratoria. La IRCA tambià ©n establecià ³ un mayor control en la frontera e hizo ilegal el hecho de contratar a sabiendas a un trabajador sin papeles. En la actualidad, los caminos para la legalizacià ³n de indocumentados existen, pero estas exigen requisitos estrictos y asà ­, en la prà ¡ctica, es imposible para muchos inmigrantes poder resolver su situacià ³n. Ley de Responsabilidad Personal y Reconciliacià ³n de Oportunidad de Trabajo (Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation) Aunque no es en sà ­ una legislacià ³n migratoria, esta ley tuvo un gran impacto sobre los inmigrantes. La PRWORA ha sido posteriormente enmendada y la normativa que aplica hoy se resume asà ­: Los inmigrantes de la tercera edad e incapacitados tienen acceso a Medicaid, cupones de alimentos y TANF (Temporary Assistance for Needy Families). Los nià ±os residentes permanentes legales tienen acceso a cupones de alimentos.Los residentes permanentes legales que està ¡n excluidos por ley federal de recibir acceso a servios sociales antes de cumplir los cinco aà ±os desde que obtuvieron la green card, pueden acceder a dichos servicios. Ley de Reforma de la Inmigracià ³n Ilegal y Responsabilidad Migratoria  (Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act) Esta ley de 1996, firmada por el presidente Bill Clinton cuenta con tres puntos que han tenido grandes consecuencias para la comunidad inmigrante: Permite la detencià ³n de inmigrantes por meses, e incluso hasta por dos aà ±os, antes de que vean a un juez migratorio.Posibilita los acuerdos entre las agencias federales, las estatales y las locales para la aplicacià ³n de las leyes migratorias (por ejemplo, en materia de arrestos).Crea el castigo de los tres y de los 10 aà ±os para los inmigrantes que està ¡n ilegalmente en Estados Unidos. Leyes Migratorias Federales Recientes Ley de Inmigracià ³n de 1990: crea la categorà ­a de emigrante por visa de diversidad, es decir, la loterà ­a de green cards,  e incrementa el nà ºmero de trabajadores temporales. Ley de Ciudadanà ­a de Nià ±os de 2000: afecta a casos de adopcià ³n y tambià ©n al caso de adquisicià ³n automà ¡tica de ciudadanà ­a para hijos de un residente que se convierte en ciudadano. Ley de Reforma de Seguridad del 2002: incrementa el control fronterizo. Ley Real ID de 2005: altera quià ©n puede obtener la licencia de manejar; establece protocolos estrictos sobre quà © documentacià ³n se puede utilizar para ingresar a ciertos edificios o transportes, y altera el sistema de asilo.   Obamacare 2010 (Affordable Care Act): regula el acceso a la salud para el pà ºblico general. Este es un artà ­culo informativo, y no pretende ser asesorà ­a legal.

Analysis Of Double Eyes Were Watching God By Zora...

Double Consciousness in a Bildungsroman Self discovery is at the root of many stories. It is easily limited by external and internal factors. Tales about self discovery are often called a bildungsroman. A bildungsroman, essentially, is a coming of age novel. Both Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston and Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison are considered a bildungsroman. In the case of those two novels, there is one unique concept that contributes to their examples of self discovery. Double consciousness is that idea. It emphasizes how a person may struggle to adapt to more than one varying identities in order to fill a role within society. Double consciousness is present in both novels through the mindset and actions of characters who try to conform to the gender and racial roles placed upon their lives but find themselves in conflict with their limitations. The difference between Janie’s desire for freedom and her agreement to her transition from marriage to marriage shows a contrast in her attempt to balance multiple identities. The entirety of Their Eyes Were Watching God emphasizes Janie’s struggle to become both a woman and black person in a society that does not allow either to exist at the same time. Janie went through several marriages before she found her ultimate happiness. In her attempt to reject her Nanny’s pairing of herself and Logan Killicks, her Nanny explains that â€Å"de white man is de ruler of everything as fur as Ah been able tuh find out†Show MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesISTORY In the series Critical Perspectives on the Past, edited by Susan Porter Benson, Stephen Brier, and Roy Rosenzweig Also in this series: Paula Hamilton and Linda Shopes, eds., Oral History and Public Memories Tiffany Ruby Patterson, Zora Neale Hurston and a History of Southern Life Lisa M. Fine, The Story of Reo Joe: Work, Kin, and Community in Autotown, U.S.A. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds., The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America Joanne Meyerowitz, ed

Affordable Care Act and Its Controversies Free Essays

On March 23, 2010 President Obama signed the Affordable Care Act (ACA); this date is when the growing debate began. The Affordable Care Act is also commonly known as Obamacare. A large issue between the opposing sides is the future of small business under this bill. We will write a custom essay sample on Affordable Care Act and Its Controversies or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"Many small businesses are going to be absolutely crushed by the provisions in Obamacare that require them to provide expensive health insurance coverage for their employees.† (Snyder, Michael) â€Å"3.2 million small businesses — employing 19.3 million workers nationwide — were eligible last year for tax credits worth $15.4 billion or $800 per employee.† (LOLGOP) These separate articles counteract each other, one claiming that small business is doomed while the other promises a happy future for small business. Another issue between the sides is the fact that neither has a full grasp of the bill and therefore only builds their opinions upon what they like versus dislike of the provisions. This debate seems to be based between Republicans, who are stereotypically anti-Obamacare and Democrats, who are stereotypically pro-Obamacare. This essay will use different sources to describe the largest provisions and the varying stances on these provisions between the two sides. In Snyder’s article he destroys the ACA and shouts the predetermined catastrophic problems America faces with the ACA. His article is entitled â€Å"15 Reasons Why The Obamacare Decision Is A Mind Blowing Disaster For America.† Through this article, Snyder lists reasons as to why the ACA is a poor decision. Quotes from this article include the likes of, â€Å"It is hard to have any faith in the U.S. Supreme Court,† and â€Å"Supreme Court that is dominated by judges that have very little respect for the U.S. Constitution.† Snyder’s article lists reasons ranging from governmental power, new taxes, and possibly most extreme: decrease in life expectancy in the United States. Finally, this article ends on the note that â€Å"Obamacare will add more than a trillion dollars to government spending over the next decade. Considering the fact that the U.S. government is already drowning in debt, how in the world can we afford this?† The largest issue that people have with the bill is the mandate, which was described by Reddit poster CaspianX2 in a comment thread. The rough description of the mandate is that  it requires a person to have healthcare, and if any person who can afford healthcare chooses not to have it, they can be fined. The Supreme Court tested the constitutionality and through changing the words around a bit, the Court declared it constitutional. (CaspianX2) The biggest anti-Obamacare points include: the increase in governmental strength, the new taxes upon the American people it will impose, the mandate, and governmental spending. â€Å"A Harvard study found that 45,000 Americans die every year for lack of insurance.† (LOLGOP) This shows that though the individual mandate is debated, it shows the pro-ACA viewpoint saves American lives. This article on eclectablog.com gave 18 reasons as to why the ACA is an achievement for the middle class. The healthcare reform puts a vast construct on the changes of insurance companies themselves. â€Å"Insurance companies can no longer cap the dollar amount of care you can receive in a lifetime,† and, â€Å"Health care insurers will no longer be allowed to charge women more than men for their coverage,† are two examples of the changes insurance companies will be facing with this bill. This bill makes insurance more accessible for more people, as the same eclectablog.com article states, â€Å"Up to 30 million Americans who are currently not insured will be covered, saving thousands of American lives.† (LOLGOP) A different article by Joshua Holland, titled â€Å"Up to 30 million Americans who are currently not insured will be covered, saving thousands of American lives,† highlights the concept that people can build different opinions of the bill, depending on how much they know about it. This article offers 10 things the common person may not know about the Affordable Care Act ranging from, the richest Americans will be paying more taxes, to how this bill benefits women, to people getting checks to help pay for their insurance. This article offers these points in a positive-bias perspective. Holland discusses how people with an income over a certain amount will be having a higher tax rate, rather than the lower-than-average rate they have now. This bill, similarly to the article by LOLGOP on eclectablog.com speaks to the idea that insurers can no longer charge women higher than men. Those with an income lower than a certain mark will be getting tax credits and subsidies to help pay for their insurance, is another point of Holland’s in this article. The largest pro-Obamacare points include: the newly regulated equality between insurers charging men and  women the same price, the raising or lowering of taxes depending on income, and how much more accessible healthcare is going to be with this bill. Many of the controversies between the sides seem to cancel each other out, where one side says something, and the other says something that directly refutes it. An example of this is with the effect the bill will have on young people. In an article by Brian Klonoski entitled, â€Å"13 Reasons Why Obamacare Sucks So Far,† he states, â€Å"Obamacare is more formally known as The Affordable Care Act, so it should make healthcare more affordable, right? Well, sorta. It definitely makes healthcare more affordable for some people, but it also raises premiums for others — most notably, young, healthy Americans.† In a different article, by Todd Essig, he discusses why Obamacare is good for the young and healthy. The three reasons he lists are as follows: they will have health insurance should catastrophe strike, they’ll get prescriptions for routine care, and they’ll have more skin in the game of self-care. (Essig) Both sides of healthcare reform has extremist opinions, one being that of the tea-party conservatives and the other that of the radical liberals. However, not republicans are anti-ACA and not all democrats are pro-ACA; though, most do fit the stereotype. Whether a person is anti-ACA or pro-ACA, they should learn the in-and-out of the bill, and not just pick and choose which issues to argue and make decisions about. Doing that will lead to well-rounded opinions and eventually, decisions made on this largely debated healthcare reform. How to cite Affordable Care Act and Its Controversies, Papers

Strategic Management and Factors

Questions: 1.Define critical success factors, resources and competences. Using examples to illustrate your answer, discuss how understanding and managing these different elements can create sustainable competitive advantage.? 2. Why might organic (or internal) development be recommended as an appropriate method for strategic development? With examples highlight the risks and benefits associated with this strategic method? 3. Discuss the contrasting characteristics and objectives of a cost leadership strategy and a differentiation strategy. How do Porter (1980) and Bowman (1995) differ in their view on combining these approaches to competitive strategy? Answers: 1. Critical Success Factors, Resources and competencies The critical success factors, competencies or the resources are basically the factors or activities that are required for the success of the business. The critical success factors are normally used in business analysis and data analysis. Critical success factors are used so that the organizations could identify those factors on which the organizations shall focus for being successful. Definition of Critical success Factor: the limited number of areas in which satisfactory results will ensure successful competitive performance for the individual, department, or organization(annoynomous 2016). Importance of critical success factors for the organization or business: It is important to identify the critical factors as these factors allow the firms for focusing their efforts on the building of the capabilities to meet the success factors and it allows the firms to decide if the firm posses the capability to meet those critical success factors that are important for the success of the business. Some of the examples of generic critical success factors are, Good distribution, effective advertising and new product development. Types of critical success factors There are four types of critical success factors: Strategy Critical Success Factors: Strategy critical success factors that are the result of the chosen strategy for the business. Industry Critical success Factors: These factors are the results of the specific industry characteristics. Temporal Critical Success Factors: These factors results from the internal changes and needs of the organizations. Environmental Critical Success Factors: These factors are the result of the technological and economic changes in the environment(Bryson 2011). Examples of Critical Success Factors: Following are the examples of critical success factors that are important for the organization success: Staff orientation Training Quality data and reporting Role of quality department Continuous improvement Communication for improving the quality Customer satisfaction Management commitment The sources of critical success factors There are basically four sources of Critical success factors. The sources are: The company: The Company itself is one of the sources of the critical success factors, as the geographic location and the competitive strategy of the company serves as one of the source of the critical success factors. As for example, When a firm decides to compete in the market on the basis of quality then for that company the critical success factors are identification and the delivering of the featured products for the satisfaction of the consumers. The industry: Another source for the critical success factors is the industry in which the company carries its business(Kalpan Financial Bank 2015). For example, a car industry has compliance requirements in relation to the pollution requirements as its critical success factor(Smith 2005). Temporal organizational factors: The areas that are unacceptable and that need special attention by the company come under the temporal organizational factors. For example, The Company that is having liquidity problems can place the short term cash management as its CSF. The Wider environment: The consumer trends, political factors and the economy in which the company operates come under these factors(Williamson 2013). There are many theorists that argue that the proper management of the competencies across the market rather than being focused only on one industry. As the critical success factors are considered to be very important for the organizations and they shall never be ignored so as to achieve the competitive advantage. The identification and addressing the critical success factors that are prevailing in an industry is very important for the organization for gaining competitive advantage. If the company wants to gain competitive advantage in the industry then it is required that the company focuses .on the resources. They are basically the important areas of where to compete and how to compete. If a company plans to compete through the critical success factors then no doubt the company is attempting to do what the other companies are doing but through critical success factors the company does in a better way. The methodology for the success through the critical success factors is as follows: Define where to compete Here the steps that the company could follow are: Identification of the product segments and the customers Matching the products to the market segment Identification of the revenue potential of the different segments Choosing the most appropriate segments for competing Define how to compete Identification of the value chain steps Identification of the various variables Identification of the most critical points that help in delivering value to the customers Choosing the step that helps in providing the competitive advantage Perform the benchmarking: If there are any kind of inadequacies then accounting for that and after that reformulating the strategies. Evaluating the capabilities of the company that are relative to its competitors. Making a strategic decision on critical success factors: Determine if the key success factors are feasible for attaining the competitive advantage. 2. Organic development: The organic growth refers to the strategy where by the company strengthens itself by using the energy and resources of the company itself. This strategy is sometimes also called the internal growth strategy(Partridge Hunt 2012). Though this approach of the company is very slow growth of the company as compared to the other options but it has a relatively low costs involved in it that makes this option very attractive for the business owners who are working on a small scale and who are willing to expand their business on the large scale but they do not have large amount of capital available with them. It is a strategy under which the business tries to expand its operations by increasing the output, new product development and a customer base expansion. There are various benefits and limitations involved in this strategy as well but overall this strategy is very good for the short term expansion and growth of the business(Johnson 2008). Benefits of the strategy The main benefit of following this strategy is that a company develops the companys own strengths through the organic growth than the company can become a stronger competitor in the market. For example, a company that keeps on devoting its profits on a continuous basis on the improvement of the quality control department than that company would be able to offer increasing value to their customer that helps in making it a formidable competitor. Through the help of organic growth the market share and the customer retention can also be improved. If a company reinvests its profits in the customer service departments and sales then it can attract more customers by strengthening the relationship with the existing customers. Disadvantages of the strategy The main disadvantage of the organic strategy is that there are faster results of the external growth strategies. As for example we can say that home security spends many years on the development of its marketing team or if it decides to acquire a firm that has strong marketing expertise, here it can be seen that the latter approach requires a large amount of money that is the reason as to why the organic growth strategy can be considered to be the best option for many of the small businesses. Risks involved in the organic strategy There are various risks that are presented by the organic growth strategy. As for example a person decides to grow its business organically whereas its competitor uses the external growth by merging with different businesses(Angwin 2014), so here the company following the organic growth strategy can grow very well in a very short span of time and on the other hand the competitor if plans to grow in a rapid way would shift its focus from the important elements that are very much necessary for the business for example providing the high quality products and better customer services. 3. There are various strategies that are suggested by Porter for seeking the competitive advantage. The Strategies that are suggested by Michael porter are: Cost Leadership strategy Differentiation strategy Focus strategy Cost leadership strategy The cost leadership strategy is the strategy that is used by the business so a s to create the low cost of operations(Saint 2013). The main use of this strategy is for the purpose of gaining the competitive advantage by the reduction of the operations cost below the competitors in the same industry. Under this strategy the companies decide the various ways of lowering the costs of their products as compared to its competitors so that they can attract various customers(Whiting 2014). This generic strategy calls for the low cost producer that is present in an industry. The products of the firm are either sold at the average industry prices so that higher profits can be earned or the higher costs as compared to its rivals so that more market share can be gained. The various ways that are used by the firm for acquiring the cost advantages are by the gain of unique access to the large sources, by improving the efficiencies. Objectives of cost leadership strategy The objectives of the cost leadership strategy include: Lowering the cost of the products Attracting the customers Gaining competitive advantage Gaining more market share The firms that is successful in using these stragey posses the following internal strengths: They have efficient distribution channels Better skills for designing the products for efficient manufacturing of the products High expertise level Good access to the capital investment Differentiation strategy The differentiation strategy is the strategy under which the company offers the products to its customers that are unique in the characteristics and attributes. The differentiation strategy usually calls for the distintictive attributes in the products and services that sets the business apart from the business of the competitors(Griffin 2007). The company that decides to follow the differentiation strategy has an intention of creating a perceived value of the product or service in the eyes of the customers as a unique product that is far better than that of the competitors(Conklin 2009). This strategy calls for the product or a service that has various unique attributes that the customers always value. The value added characteristics of the product help he producer to charge a premium on the products. This higher price in the form of premium helps the company to overcome the extra cost that they have incurred. The objectives of differentiation strategy are: Introducing unique and distinctive products to the customers Attracting the customers Gaining competitive advantage The firms that are successful in the use of the differentiation strategy have the following strengths: The product development team of such companies is expert and highly skilled They have a corporate reputation of innovation and quality products They have access to the scientific research They have strong sales team those who possess the ability for communicating in a successful manner. Bowman has developed a strategy clock that is a model used by various companies to design the marketing strategy for analyzing the competitive position. Under this model the relationship between the prices and the customer values are represented in the diagrammatic representation. On the other hand there were generic strategies that were developed by Michael Porter and these are known as Porter marketing technique(Obitz 2009). These theories showed the three ways in which the companies can give tough competitions to their competitors and provide satisfaction to the consumers. According to Porter the companies often compete in the market for three things that is on the basis of price which is known as cost leadership, on the basis of perceived value that is known as product differentiation and on the basis of focus that is known as market segmentation. Offering more perceived values or providing the products and services at lower prices become one of the very popular ways of gaining c ompetitive advantage(Williamson 2013). There were many companies who found these strategies to be very general and hence they were interested in thinking some other strategies. Then a strategy was developed by Cliff Bowman that was known as the Bowmans Strategy clock in the year 1996 and this strategy was based on the generic strategies of Michael Porter. Under this strategy there are eight strategic options that are available with the companies that they could follow while comparing their strategic edge. There are many companies who use the strategy of Bowman as a framework to create an edge against the competition. There are eight directions for a business to travel. Following are the eight strategic positions of the strategic clock of Bowman: Low price or low added value: The companies often chose this position when their product lacks differentiation. This option can be applied by cost effectively selling volume and attracting new customers on the continuous basis. Low Price: The Company selects this option when the company is a low cost leader. Under this strategy the profit margin of the company will be very low because here the company wants high sales volume. Hybrid: Here the companies offer the customers with the products at a low price but the perceived value is higher as compared to its competitors. Differentiation: Here the company develops the products and services that offer unique characteristics that are often valued by the customers. Focused Differentiation: Here the company offers the product that has highest perceived values along with highest prices. This strategy is suitable for the company that buys the products based on the one factor that is the perceived value of the product(Ahmed 2014). Risky, High Margins: Here the company just increases the prices of the product for increasing its profit margin without taking care of the perceived margin of the product. Monopoly Pricing: Here, the strategy is used when there is only one company that offers the products and services and it is a monopolistic company. Loss of market share: The company following this strategy often tend to lose the market share as here the company has low value of the products and services offered by them. Conclusion It can be concluded here that the organic growth development or the organic growth strategy is very important strategy that is followed by the business for its expansion and growth. It provides various benefits to the company that can be fruitful in the short run as well as the long run(Mack 2014). Though this strategy is not free from the disadvantages but the benefits of this strategy overcome its disadvantages and hence this strategy is best option for the expansion of the small scale business that do not possess the necessary resources and financial resources for expanding and growing its business. Bibliography Ahmed, G 2014, Study Lecture notes, viewed 17 December 2016, https://www.studylecturenotes.com/management/bowmans-strategy-clock-model-its-eight-competitive-directions-for-edge. Angwin, D 2014, QFinnace., viewed 17 December 2016, https://www.financepractitioner.com/mergers-and-acquisitions-best-practice/in-search-of-growth-choosing-between-organic-m-and-a-and-strategic-alliance-strategies?full. annoynomous 2016, rapidbi.com, viewed 15 December 2016, https://rapidbi.com/criticalsuccessfactors/. Bryson, J 2011, Strategic Planning for Public and Nonprofit Organizations, 4th edn, New York. Conklin, W 2009, Applying Differentiation Strategies - Page 32, 2nd edn, Shell Education. Griffin, R 2007, Fundamentals of Management - Page 69, 5th edn, New York. Johnson 2008, Exploring Corporate Strategy: Text Cases, 7/E - Page 348, 7th edn, Pearson Publications, New Delhi. Kalpan Financial Bank 2015, Kalpan Financial Bank, viewed 16 December 2016, https://kfknowledgebank.kaplan.co.uk/KFKB/Wiki%20Pages/Critical%20success%20factors%20and%20core%20competences.aspx. Mack, S 2014, Chron.com, viewed 17 December 2016, https://smallbusiness.chron.com/organic-growth-strategy-57130.html. Obitz, C 2009, Supermarket Differentiation in the Uk: A Theoretical and Empirical. Partridge, L Hunt, M 2012, Strategic Management - Page 152, Select Knwolegde, New York. Saint, R 2013, Chron.com, viewed 17 December 2016, https://smallbusiness.chron.com/pros-cons-differentiation-strategy-21452.html. Smith, D 2005, Managing Business Marketing Sales: An International Perspective, North America. Whiting, B 2014, study.com, viewed 17 December 2016, https://study.com/academy/lesson/cost-leadership-strategy-definition-examples.html. Williamson, D 2013, Strategic Management and Business Analysis, Routledge, New York. Williamson, D 2013, Strategic Management and Business Analysis, Elsevier, London

Sin and Redemption

Introduction Lord of the world was written by Robert Hugh Benson in 1908. He was an Anglican who changed and became a catholic priest. He died soon after writing this book at the age of forty one. Though it is 103 years ago its message finds a great place in our society today.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Sin and Redemption specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It describes a social world of human beings that did not recognize the need for religion that eventually leads to forgiveness and every good thing that one may expect. The people in the world were hopeless and only had death as the end of life. This essay will discuss sin, its consequences and redemption. Sin and redemption are the basis of religion and this will help analyze people’s attitude towards sin and redemption. Sin Sin can be viewed as going against a divine law. It is evil and usually immoral and it affects how humanity relates w ith God. Firstly, Benson brings out his point that pain is as a result of sin. This sin is, he argues â€Å"Well, sin is rebellion of mans will against Gods† (Benson 33). He further describes that the freedom that God gave mankind was to make him love him but then man misused the freedom and sinned. Sin bought guilt to the sinner. Guilt causes the sinner to bear the consequences for his actions. This can be physical, such as beatings, jailing or paying of fines. Worse is the psychological guilt that gets in ones heart. Sin was a name given to describe a value worse than all vices. It was known to be deadly and poisonous by Christians: â€Å"This madness then was the one crime which still deserved a name; Murder, theft, rape, even anarchy itself, were as trifling faults compared to this monstrous sin†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Benson 233). In the ordinary world, sin is referred to as monstrous because it causes a person a painful experience and ends up hurting a person’s heart. In a Christian perspective, the author argued that can spread to the deepest part of a human being. Benson referred to it as a deadly poison: Every cell that becomes infected with it was infected in that very fiber that bound it to spring of life. This, and this alone was the supreme crime of High Treason against man-and nothing but complete removal from the world could be a complete remedy. (Benson 233) Benson believed that the situation in which mankind was in called for a need for something to be carried out; this, therefore, called for redemption to prevent humankind from perishing.Advertising Looking for critical writing on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Sin betrays trust: â€Å"If you tell me on your word of honor that there is no woman in the case, or no particular program of sin you propose to work out, shall believe you; I swear to you there is not† (Benson 33). This statement suggests that s in is all round and that sin is wrong and even people know it subconsciously. If one has no sin, then he can be trusted. It was a culture to swear on so that one can believe in another’s person statement. Redemption The redemption power which is the forgiveness of sins comes from one’s willingness to be forgiven of her/his sin. It is available to all human beings since all are partakers of God’s mercies. Thus, irrespective of whom one was there was pardon for sin. This is captured best by the following thoughts presented by Benson: You said just now you wanted the forgiveness of sins, well, you have that; we all have it, because there is no such thing as sin. There is only crime, and then communion. You used to believe that God made you a partaker of God. Well we are all partakers of God, because we are human beings. (Benson 93) Forgiveness of sins was everlasting. This is because forgiveness of sins was passed on through generations. Those who confessed their s ins were forgiven. Forgiveness came after repentance: â€Å"Here was this old man, talking in his sleep, babbling of the cross, and the inner life of forgiveness of sins, exactly as his predecessor had talked two thousand years before† (Benson 111). However, not all believed that it was true and there is forgiveness of sins. This is why the man is called stupid. He thought it will be wasting his time making confession. Redemption is seen to happen to a few that believes. Some had heard this gospel for long but never believed. For example: Look how Christianity has failed-how it has divided people; think of the cruelties-the inquisition, the religious wars; the separations between husbands and wife and parents and children†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦What kind of a God would that be! And then hell; how could you ever have believed in that? (Benson 93)Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Sin and Redemption specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This was a mother’s conversation with her daughter. The mother had heard the gospel for a long time but had not yet believed in it, while the daughter though young could believe sin, punishment and forgiveness. Conclusion Sin stains a human being and thus there is need for redemption. This redemption came after confession and repentance and only those that believe in it receive it. It sets one free and prevents pain, saving him from pain and suffering. The good values in the society are also established where there is no sin and redemption. The reason for faith and faithlessness is therefore called to those with who become Christians. In addition evil and violence subsequently diminish in the society. Work Cited Benson, Robert. Lord of the World. Washington DC: Cengage Learning, 2005. Print. This critical writing on Sin and Redemption was written and submitted by user Marianna Cline to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Appropriate Public Education Essay Example

Free Appropriate Public Education Essay Example Free Appropriate Public Education Essay Free Appropriate Public Education Essay One of the six facets of IDEA is Free Appropriate Public Education ( FAPE ) . FAPE is technically defined as a Special instruction and related services that are provided at public disbursal. under public supervising and way. and without charge ; meet SEA ; include preschool. simple. or secondary school instruction ; and are provides through an individualised instruction plan ( IEP ) . ( Mandlawitz. 2007 ) An individualised educational program ( IEP ) that is designed to run into the child’s alone demands and from which the kid receives educational benefits and prepares them for farther instruction. employment. and independent life. These alone instruction demands includes Mastery of academic topics and basic accomplishments. Social. wellness. emotional. physical. and vocational demands. and working and self-help sills . ( Jalvarado ) FAPE consist of an instruction that meets the single demands of the kid. the kid with the disablement must be educated with pupils without disablements. an rating and arrangement determinations must be made suitably. IDEA does non explicate the exact significance of the term appropriate . Parents and schools interpret this term unambiguously which has resulted in infinite tribunal instances. This facet of IDEA has be one of the most challenged out of all six because there are so many topographic points of misinterpretation and cringle holes that allow for some school territories to steal through. Even though this rule does advert the kid should be in the least restrictive environment. This environment could change from complete engagement in a schoolroom with kids without disablements. a separate schoolroom that has one on one aid for the kid and/or a combination of both. : This environment is non genuinely known until an IEP is developed. The IEP would province the particular instruction. related services. auxiliary AIDSs and services that will be provided for the kid. This allows a child regardless of the badness of their disablement to have an instruction. It is of import for households that have kids with disablements to cognize about FAPE because they may non cognize that there kid is entitled to have an instruction. FAPE is good for households and their kids to cognize their rights to have an instruction. In. add-on this could salvage households a batch of money that they may pass on particular services or private schools that they could be having for free from the school territory. For illustration a deaf kid that may necessitate a address and audile healer and an translator these types of services could wholly be provided by the school territory with no cost to the households in add-on to the child’s normal faculty members. Besides the kids would go more societal with equals and interacting with others that could non be learned in a confined country like place schooling and schools that isolate the kid. The kid would develop societal accomplishments that are urgently needed twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours to last. FAPE is good for parents because it could alleviate emphasis that possibly caused by their misinterpretation of why their kid is different and how to assist them turn. The parent may besides larn things about their kid that they did non cognize like their kid is really motivated to larn. bask working in groups. and is really speculative. These features about this kid would non hold been known if their kid was non put into public schooling. Educators besides play a portion in the kid and them having excess aid provided under IDEA because they create the IEP and maintain everyone up to day of the month about the child’s betterments and job countries. This facet of IDEA impacts me as a hereafter pedagogue because it will coerce me to broaden my skylines and positions of the normal schoolroom experience. Meaning. that there are non any pupils with LDs or disablements in the category. Knowing that FAPE is a specifying factor in the educational experience for kids with disablements will let me to understand their exceptionalities and how efficaciously assist them derive an instruction. In add-on I will larn how to properly mainstream them into the schoolroom with other pupils. For illustration. I would calculate out ways to diminish to possibility of labels and badgering by the other pupils because it was noticeable that the pupils were in particular erectile dysfunction. categories. To forestall badgering caused by misconstruing I would develop undertakings that would make learning experiences for pupils to larn that everyone is different in their ain manner. Besides to research these differences and concentrate more on their abilities and endowments as an person for pupils with and without exceptionalities. The pupils being combined could make new relationships between the handicapped and normal pupils. Before this facet of IDEA was created kids with disablements were segregated from the normal pupil. Knowing that there is big possibility that my schoolroom will dwell of pupils each unambiguously different it is of import for me to well informed and educated. So that I will be able to efficaciously educate my pupils.

(writer's choice) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

(writer's choice) - Essay Example On the whole, it had a relatively simple premise. Gilmore Girls ran for seven seasons from 2000 to 2007 and was primarily known for its fast paced dialogue and pop-culture references. The show focuses on two female characters: Lorelai and her teenage daughter Rory. Lorelai and Rory live in a small town in Connecticut called Stars Hollow and this town is filled with lovable, wacky characters. Lorelai gave birth to Rory as a teenage and it is because of this that they have a very close friendship that differs from Lorelai’s own relationship with her rich parents who she ran away from after having Rory at 16. The difference between these two relationships, particularly between Lorelai and her parents, is often what drives the conflict in an episode. The specific show that I chose to analyze is the fifth episode in the 2nd season entitled â€Å"Nick and Nora/ Sid and Nancy.† Luke, who owns a diner in Stars Hollow and is somewhat of a love interest for Lorelai, brings his troubled nephew, Jess, to live with him. Jess steals from people and is disrespectful which cause Lorelai to give Luke parenting advice. The two characters fight over the situation and eventually make up with Luke realizing that he needs Lorelai’s help occasionally. One important concept in interpersonal communication is biased listening. According to the article entitled â€Å"Types of Listening,† biased listening is defined as â€Å"when the person hears only what they want to hear†¦and misinterprets based on stereotypes and biases†( â€Å"Types of Listening†). In this particular episode of Gilmore Girls, biased listening occurs when Luke and Lorelai have a conversation about Jess when he runs out on a special dinner that Lorelai and her friends cook for him. Lorelai explains how Luke should be going about parenting Jess and Luke decides to only hear the judgment and negativity in what Lorelai says and believes she is unfairly criticizing him. Another important concept in interpersonal

Review of the movie full metal jacket and relate it to the book The Essay

Review of the movie full metal jacket and relate it to the book The Vietnam war 1945 - 1990 by marilyn young - Essay Example The film is set in the 1967 Vietnamese war. It is structured in two parts. The first part of the movie is in a boot camp at Parris Island. A group of new US marine corps arrive at the boot camp for basic training. When they arrive at the camp, they are first made to shave their heads before they proceed to meeting Gunnery Sergeant Hartman, who is their senior drill instructor. The main agenda of sending the new recruits to the boot camp is to prepare them for the war. Hartman therefore uses extremely harsh tactics to train the marine corps. The draconian, or harsh tactics are aimed at turning the marines in to hardened soldiers that are ready and fit for combat. The three main marines from the new recruits group are privates â€Å"Cowboy†, â€Å"Joker†, and â€Å"Gomer Pyle†. Private ‘Gomer Pyle† earns the nickname after the wrath of sergeant Hartman befalls on him. Hartman’s continued efforts to discipline Pyle are not fruitful. He therefore o pts for pairing the private with Joker. After the two are paired, Pyle’s performance at the boot camp begins to improve. However, Hartman finds a contraband jelly doughnut in Pyle’s foot locker. It is against the rules of the camp to have such paraphernalia. What happens next is that Hartman advances his punishment towards Pyle because he believes that his peers are not helping him reform as much as the Sergeant would want. From that particular moment, the whole platoon is punished for the mistakes that Pyle does. The drill master makes it worse by passing that Pyle himself will not be punished for his mistakes. The platoon realizes that they will be constantly punished if they do not help in reforming their fellow marine. They throw a blanket party for the lad; they restrain him to his bunk,and give him a beating using bars of soap that have been wrapped up with towels. The torture is their way of retaliating to the suggestion of Hartman. This torture tactic works and Pyle reforms to a model marine. However, he exemplifies withdrawal symptoms as a result of the beating that he receives because he begins to make conversation with his riffle. The marine corps finally graduate and are given their Military Occupational Specialty. During their last night at the camp, Joker finds Pyle in the bathroom loading his riffle and reciting the Rifleman’s creed. Joker tries to calm him down but the commotion wakes up the whole platoon together with Hartman. Unfortunately, Pyle kills Hartman after he tries to confront him to surrender and then commits suicide. In the first part of the movie, Kubrick puts the viewer in the place where they feel like they are part of the whole training process. He highlights how the naive marines are slowly transformed through the rigorous training process. Kubrick also maintains a certain athleticism in the film through the obstacle courses and the chants the sergeant makes the marines to repeat. It also highlights the ps ychological effects that the whole training process can have on a marine, as exemplified by the eventualities of Pyle’s discipline from both Hartman and the other marines. The second part of the movie is in the rubble that was Hue. The Marine Corps kids-turned-killers are now in the battle ground. It is in January of 1968; Joker is now a sergeant and is a marine war correspondent for stars and stripes. At the base where Joker is a correspondent, there is a Private first class marine, Rafterman, who is a combat

The Gospel Unhindered Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Gospel Unhindered - Research Paper Example However, despite rebellion from the Jews, the gospel continues to be propagated throughout the world. This brings forth the very last word of Luke’s account of Acts, akolutos, which when translated means unhindered (Frank 460). Definition and Translation of Unhindered. The last word of the extant text of Luke’s Acts is akolutos which when translated means unhindered (Frank 460). This underlines the essence of Luke’s writing as evidenced in the word hinder as used on a various occasions. Philip found nothing to hinder the Ethiopian eunuch from being baptized (Acts 8:36). Moreover, in his defense for mingling with uncircumcised men, Peter stated that he would not hinder God (Acts 11:17). Therefore, the usage of the word hinder by Luke outlined the unhindered nature of the gospel. Timeless Application. Luke wrote the book of Acts at a time when the gospel was predominately acceptable among the gentiles. However, the Jews remained adamant to the gospel. It is necessa ry to note their adamancy did not hinder the gospel from being propagated to other communities. Consequently, even acts of violence from the Jewish community such as the stoning of Stephen and the expulsion of Paul from synagogues did not prevent the gospel from being propagated. As a result, the power of the gospel remains unhindered today, just as it was during the early church period. Breaking through Barriers PERSECUTION Early Church. The early church underwent immense persecution. In the inception of the propagation of the gospel, Peter and John were arrested and threatened (Bock 436). Moreover, the apostles were also imprisoned by the Sadducees (Acts 5:18). This was as a result of the Sadducees’ jealousy towards their flourishing ministry. Later on, Stephen became the first martyr of the early church as he was murdered for defending the gospel. Stephen’s death resulted in the scattering of the early church as the disciples fled from Saul to the Diaspora. However, Saul was eventually converted into a preacher of the gospel. Nevertheless, just like the other Christians, he also underwent numerous persecutions in the ministry (Paul 323). Present Day. The church still undergoes persecution even in the modern day as evidenced in the prohibition of Christianity in various countries (Soci?as 133). For instance, in North Korea, practicing and propagation of Christianity could be tantamount to gross persecution from the authorities. Persecution occurs in the form of violence, imprisonment and in extreme cases, death. Therefore, persecution of the church still occurs even in the modern day. However, it is highly prevalent among the Muslim, Asian, Chinese, Korean and Indian communities. As a result, Christians from these countries have been forced to flee to other Christian-friendly countries. Therefore, despite being in a modern world of civilization and freedom of religion, the church still receives immense persecution from the anti-Christian commun ities. ETHNIC AND CULTURAL PREJUDICE Philip and the Ethiopian Eunuch. The Spirit of the Lord leads Philip to an esteemed person in the Ethiopian government. The eunuch was in charge of treasury in the land of Egypt (Acts 8:26). Nevertheless, he was not an Israelite. Thus, according to the Jewish culture, he did not qualify to be part of the Jewish family. This is because he was unclean and uncircumcised. However, despite his inadequacies, Philip reaches out to the eunuch and preaches to him. This is further evidenced when they come across a river and

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Stem Cell Research

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Stem Cell Research Every year, curable diseases kill patients because of the lack of a clear path for research into the ways through which they could be cured. Stem cell research, although a form of research in its early steps of acceptance in an increasingly sensitive society, shows promise as being the form of scientific manipulation to provide the cure for disease. The current estimate is that stem cell research could solve the ailments of over 4.4 million patients in the USA alone. The sheer potential population size should be enough to convince any government as to the viability of stem cell research Scientists should be allowed and supported by law to carry out stem cell research. A stem cell is simply an undifferentiated cell. This means that it is a cell with no specific function in the body yet, which makes up the most useful of its characteristics because any stem cell has the potential to become any other type of cell. This happens in the early stages of growth and development. Later, the stem cells serve individual organs as in internal repair mechanisms with otherwise limitless differentiation throughout the organism s life. The other unique thing is that even as the stem cell divides, it has the genetic choice to stick as a stem cell or continue on to become a specific cell. They were first referred to as stem cells by Alexander maksmov, the Russian histologist in 1908 hematologic society congress in Berlin The difference between a stem cell and a differentiated cell is that they are unspecialized and have the capability to continually renew themselves by cell division. The second salient difference is that is the living organism is placed under contro lled experimental or physiologic conditions, stem cells can be induced to become either specific to tissue or organs. Actually, such differentiation is common in the gut and the bone marrow while in other organs such as the heart and the pancreases, they only divide under special conditions. Since the discovery of ways of deriving embryonic and non-embryonic stem cell types in animals and humans from mouse embryos in 1981, the development in tee type of cells used has been rather slow and based on the two. The method currently in use is a modified and more efficient one from the 1998 biological research milestone that launched the deriving and nurturing of stem cells. Most of the reasons for making this method were because the human embryonic stem cells specifically for the reproductive purposes as they were studied during in vitro fertilization. Another milestone was achieved in 2006 when researchers identified the specific conditions under which a specialized adult cell could be reprogrammed, in a genetic sense, to become a stem cell or appear to be one. This new cell is referred to as induced pluripotent stem cells, simply abbreviated as iPSCs. Stem Cell Mechanism and Uses The mechanism is very easy to understand, since the stem cell is placed in a cultured or living environment with specialized cells. These specialized cells could be muscle cells or skin cells which have a specific and known role in the body. They are obtained from any part of the body of a fetus, or from the bone marrow, brain and muscle of adults. They offer new potentials in the issue of cell-based therapies, otherwise referred to as reparative or regenerative medicine. Continued research advances knowledge on how healthy cells replace damaged one s in living organisms. This is vital in the potential cures for diabetes, heart disease and other forms of life threatening disease. IPSCs are already proving to be useful tolls for modeling of disuse and drug development, and scientists view them as potentially important in transplantation. This is because many of the ways currently in use are potentially cancer-causing or have the risk of other complications such as viral infections. Ne w research will aloe is vital for the development of identical matches to lower the risk of rejection and increase the number of viable organs Stem cell research is a potential ground for a lot of detailed research for the development of mankind. First, human embryonic stem cell research will potentially yield information into the complex processes that form the tissues and organs during human development. This will provide more information on why and how such genetic disorders as cancer and birth defects can be controlled. Secondly, the use of human stem cells in research on the effects of new drugs will lower the need for human test subjects. Human pluripotent cell lines are potentially very ideal for testing new medication in the safety of the laboratory. The complication here is that the conditions have to be completely identical if the intention is to compare several drugs. The hardest part of this process is controlling the extent and effect of cell differentiation. The potential for a more accurate process is there, but lack of enough knowledge in the real mechanisms of genetic switches and signals is hampering the process. Thirdly, the use of the stem cells in the new field of medicine called stem cell therapies is very arguably its greatest contribution to the advancement of mankind. The reason for this is that current forms of organ and tissue donation is inadequate in the supply link. This is very profound especially where the organ is single and vital. Stem cells, due to their regenerative nature, offer a potentially limitless source of transplant organs. Once directed into differentiation to become specific cell types, offering a possible cure for rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, heart disease, burns, stroke, burns, Alzheimer s diseases, spinal cord injury and other complications. Other uses are the making of insulin to enhance the management of Type I diabetes. This could be used in transplantation therapies for diabetic persons sin ce the undifferentiated cells could be turned into insulin-prodding cells. The Stem cell controversy The use of embryonic stem cells has been the igniter of many controversies, ethical, legal and moral. The bone of contention is the real viability and need to use cells derived from embryos, and what effects such procedures have on their health and in vitro state. To mitigate this controversy and return to more objective research, the modern scientist has opted to use adult stem cells. This, however, has its own limitations since adult stem cells are found in fewer organs than are fetal tissue. Also, they do not have the complete genetic ability to generate into as much variant type of cells as would fetal stem cells in the same scenario. This is cause by the fact that they have a lower proliferative ability than embryonic stem cells. Simply put, the use of adult stem cells is hindered by the fact that they have a narrower avenue for their end product as compared to embryonic stem cells. The concern for the use of embryonic stem cell is whether it would potentially harm the fetus. This is because the body of the fetus needs the cells that are removed undifferentiated. Pro-life activists argue that it is inherently genetically killing or maiming the fetus, since the removal of undifferentiated stem cells is simply taking away the very cells that the body is made up of. Pro-stem cell researchers recognize the risk, but argue that it is not as bad as the pro-life activists would want to make it sound. The strong point is that the law should allow for written consent where rather than carry out termination of a pregnancy, the couple could make written consent to have the fetus donated for stem cell research. Alternatively, stem cell research has taken to growing the fetus ion the lab. The ova and sperm are obtained and combined in a laboratory; the embryo is nurtured and then implanted in the woman s womb. Since this is a normal procedure where the couple can not get a baby through normal means, the embryos left in the lab cannot be implanted too. They are therefore given the choice of freezing and storing them, or destroying them. Stem cell research offers a more useful alternative to this two since it gives the couple the choice to contribute to the medical research into cures for the human body. Pro-life activist argue that even at this embryonic stage, destroying the embryo is still a form of abortion. The fact of the matter is that the embryos are incapable of forming into a completely new organism or culture of embryonic stem cells that would, in theory, grow in the uterus. Given that most of this are moral inhibitions to stem cell research, the issue of whether t is right for the scientific world to sacrifice the lives of the embryos to aver countless others is worth it. The view that it is, in itself, a sacrifice of undeveloped life for the good of mankind by saving the life s of those with life threatening ailments. Legal Milestones The argument has become legal as in July 2001, President George W. Bush signed an executive order that limited total government funding for the existing stem cell research that use cells derived from already frozen stem cells, and completely ruled out any government funding for any new embryonic stem cell research. In 2007, President Bush had a change of mind and signed another executive order that increased funding for research into somatic stem cell differentiation. This modified form of stem cell research is where the mature of adult stem cells are derived and modified into the cell equivalent of an embryonic stem cell. This serves as the pacifier for stem cell research opponents although its scientific viability is in question. Scientism are still seeking to discover whether the somatic cells will have the same genetic condign as embryonic stem cell. As the war on the ethical basis and the legality rages on, somatic stem cell research could prove to be the clincher for the scient ific world to appease the ethical proponents without compromising the quality of the science. In 2009, President Obama signed an executive order that completely overturned the one Bush had signed in 2001, in effect restarting the government funding of embryonic stem cell research. The biggest recipient of this funding is the National Institute of Health which will get over ten billion dollars to run already existing programs and potentially, reignite the research into new embryonic stem cells. The Catholic Church, a prolific opponent of stem cell research, views this as a triumph of the political aspect over ethics and morality, but the gains that can be obtained from productive research are worth the risk. Conclusion Stem cell research offers a seemingly limitless source of cures for many of the diseases that are considered as life-threatening. The fact that it is carried out so meticulously suggests that one of the greatest issues hampering it are the lack of adequate government funding and ethical support. This coupled with a few technical and research oriented glitches mean that it is still not comprehensively documented. It is, however, impossible to ignore its potential uses and the effects on mankind. The fascination with rogation is as old as the human race, and stem cell research offers a way to turn the fantasy into a real scientific cure for disease. Cell therapy will be the future of curing disease since it offers more comprehensive ways for the therapist to detail and control the healing process of the patient. The issue of the life of the fetus can be solved by allowing for stored embryos to be used in stem cell research. It has not ethical basis to argue that it is a form of abortio n, since this embryos would still have been lost in the fertilization process. This is built on the fact that the meticulous process of fertilization dictates that only one embryo can be formed from an ova and a sperm. Many excesses are discarded by the body, and it is this portion that the scientific world seeks to use for the betterment of the human race. It is an unstoppable train, but there is need for consensus building to provide a supportive approach to save the lives of many people.

Egoist and Utilitarian Responses to Terrorism :: Egoist, Utilitarian

Terrorism was not a dormant issue in the media until the attacks on the USA. The organised use of violence to target non-combatants for political purposes, is one of the most effective ways to gain media attention. Mainly used by extremist groups in the hopes of gaining recognition for their religious or political cause. Several attacks on the US have recently made headlines The attack on the USS Cole (October 12, 2000), US Embassy bombings in Kenya + Tanzania (August 7, 1998), Oklahoma City bombing (April 19, 1995) , the World Trade Centre bombing on February 27 1993 and finally the World Trade Centre bombing on September 11, 2001. . There were overt threats made to the US government regarding these attacks but most were dismissed as hoaxes. What we need to recognize about terrorism is its message. Attacks are usually perfectly planned and precise. In the attack on the WTC and pentagon, thousands of innocent people died when the Al-Quaida flew 3 passenger aircraft into both towers and crashed one into the pentagon, the USA’s best-guarded facility. Hopefully these deaths were not in vein, now other countries have joined George Bush in the war against terrorism and are launching repeated strikes on Afghanistan (the Al-Quaida’s supposed base.) They hope that these attacks will prevent any further events from happening. These attacks have in my view displayed that the Taliban can control the US economy and hit any target they wish, no matter how well guarded it is. Perhaps America should have been more cautious and handled the threats more carefully. Maybe they were being too proud and this is why the Taliban believe it is justifiable to kill innocents, or they chose to attack now because America was just feeling safe. Whatever the reason, we will never know. In 2002, the world changed forever. Anthrax, a biological weapon was released into the postal system and a commercial aircraft was turned into a 1000 tonne missile. War will have a new face, it will not be against an enemy firing projectiles, but instead, an invisible, deadly network of shadows attacking miscellaneous targets in random locations. This is why if we don’t act quickly; the world could be cast into turmoil. So how do other people feel about this topic? This is how I think an Egoist would feel. The word egoist means that you are only concerned with things that may affect you in the long run.

Individual delivery of a learning and development session plus 2000 words reflection

our site – CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING –How to engage in a conversation with clients that would lead to sales?Part A: Lesson PlanThe specific group of learnersFor this study the specific group of learners included the sales and marketing attaches attached to sales agent who deals with automobiles.The training needsThe training meets the needs of knowledge how to pitch their sales to the potential customers as it was always difficult to pitch sales to potential automobile customers. Unlike in other markets where there was only one product in the automobile market there were different types of products that met various needs of the customers. Therefore it was necessary to train the new employees how to understand the customers during the initial conversation. It was important to train the trainees how to learn the needs of the customers and meet those needs by helping the customer to select a car that would meet their potential needs. The other need was to create confidence amo ng the trainees to face client and to ask tough questions.The overall aim of the whole learningThe overall aim of the learning was to equip the trainees with the sales knowledge on how to engage a conversation with clients that would lead to sales. The aim was to help the trainees to understand the potential client’s needs without first asking the price and the money that the customer has. The specific aims were to teach how to ask questions that lead to sales and how to keep from discussing price and discuss the value of automobile.Learning outcomesThe learning outcomes are improved understanding of the sales concepts such as asking question and having discussion that make the customer understand the value of the automobiles that he or she is going to purchase.Overall timeline of the session including the content heading and contentTable 1: Session and content SessionContent IntroductionDefine pitching as the ability to convince the client by having appropriate words and information concerning the products. It is convincing the clients that the product has the capacity to meet the customer needs and wants. LecturesTeach clients about asking questions, pitching and asking client questions that will lead to closure of the sale. Role playsOrganise trainees into pairs where one of them acts as a salesman and the other as client Table 2:Mini lesson plan Time durationLearning and development methodTrainer activityLearner participationAids and resources 0-1st minuteIntroductionDefine pitching as the ability to convince the client by having appropriate words and information concerning the products. It is convincing the clients that the product has the capacity to meet the customer needs and wants.Take notesPower point 1-5th minuteLecturesTeach clients about asking questions, pitching and asking client questions that will lead to closure of the sale. Taking notesPower point 6-10th minuteRole play to identify of learningOrganise trainees into pairs where one of them acts as a salesman and the other as clientThe student will act as a salesman while the other students will act as the purchase with a certain budget and is looking for a car model that can fit within that model. Each student will have to act as a salesmen and a client. This will be done by organisation the students in groups of two. The student will act in front of the class.A classroom 11-12th minuteBrainstorm on potential questions to ask clientsAsk students the best type of questions to ask clients provide two questions they would ask a potential customer that would make them know the customer and the need that the customer has.The student to provide tow questions that they would ask potential automobile client.A handout with open ended questions that the sales man should ask clients 13 – 15th minute Question and answersEvaluate students on their ability to ask questions that make the customers to explain their needs. They will also be valued on the basis of the answers and personal obtained from the client such as budget and the car model the client is looking for or the functionalities that the client is looking for in car.Students to fill in a form indicating what roles they have played and the questions they have formulated as well as comment what was interesting and what they have learned about the lesson.A notebook The lesson will considered to be effective based on the students understanding of the sales concepts such as asking questions and having discussion that make the customer understand the value of the automobiles that he or she is going to purchase. Task B: Personal ReflectionIntroductionThis is a reflection on how I planned the lesson and the activities that were undertaken to teach students about executing good auto sales. Various knowledge and theories about theory of learning were employed in this research to ensure that the lesson was effective and it attained the research objectives of making the student understand how to execute good auto sales. The first part is the introductory section. The second part of this reflection reflects on the lesson plan and takes into the consideration the theory that was used in planning the lesson and the learning activities. The third section measured the effectiveness of the lesson. The fourth section reflects on what happened in the practice aspect of the lesson and what has been learnt from this experience.Plan for the lesson and the theory taken into considerationIn planning for this lesson, I was aware of three learning theories which were the behaviourism, cognitivism and constructi vism. The behaviourism holds that teaching should be behaviour oriented and it should make the learners to respond in a particular way through stimuli-response (Salsbury and Melinda, 2008). This means that the teachers should provide stimuli and condition the learners to respond to the stimuli in particular way. This means for instance hearing a door bell rising should lead to the response of opening the door (Fink, 2005). However this theory is mostly applicable in social and in behavioural training such as training soldiers and members of the discipline forces which was not the case for this lesson. Learning is assessed through drills and real life experiences. The other learning theory that could be applied in learning is the cognitive theory. This theory holds that information can be retained in memory through deliberate cognitive activities such as memorising and doing mental exercises. The exercise should be enhanced through internal processing of information. The cognitive learning theory holds that learning is student based and should be examined through individual assessments. The other learning theory that could be used in designing the lesson plan is the constructivism which holds that learning is based on the individual’s interpretation of the information and knowledge. It holds that there is no single way of interpreting and applying knowledge as each person has their own viewpoints and experiences that shape their world view (Mccrea, 2015). Therefore every individual is expected to act differently and to understand the provided knowledge distinctly from the other person. When using this theory the most applicable teaching methods included brainstorming, case studies, simulations or role playing, and problem based learning. In my lesson the constructivism was used to impart knowledge to the students. The theory was preferred because the lesson focused on the sales training which was based on experiences of greatest salesmen. There was no given way of doing sales as different people had done it differently depending with the customers and the types of products and service that they were selling (Serdyukov and Ryan, 2008). Sales was also dependent on the types of customers as each type of customer had varying needs when purchasing an automobile as some wanted automobiles that were luxurious others wanted performance such as speed and acceleration. Other customers wanted low costs automobiles such hence price was the most significant consideration. Others wanted to conserve the environment and wanted vehicles that were environmentally friendly such as the hybrid vehicles. This meant for one to be a great salesmen they had first to understand the individual customer and then apply the knowledge that they have on selling on the individual customer (Salsbury and Melinda, 2008). Therefore constructivist approach was the most appropriate learning approach that could be employed in teaching the learners about good auto sales. When using this theory the learning activities included role playing and simulation activities that included simulating sales scenario and the type of conversations that occur between the potential customers and the salesmen (Salsbury and Melinda, 2008).How the success of the lesson was assessedThe first way of assessing the effectiveness of the lesson was ensuring that the learning objectives were met. The learning objectives for this study were met. The first objective of this lesson was to ensure that the students understood how to ask questions that led to sales. The second objective was to ensure that the students learned how to discuss the value of the automobile rather than the price of the automobiles. The other way that the effectiveness of the lesson was i dentified was through participation of the students in the lesson activities (Zimmerman, 2015). All the students that were involved in the lessons activities retained more knowledge than those who were not involved. For instance one of the ways of ensuring that the students understood the lesson was asking them to participate in role playing where they will act as a salesman and client. Those who managed to ask the open ended questions that made the client to talk about themselves and the need that was to be met by the automobile were considered to have understood the lesson or the content for that learning. Also the students who discussed the value of the car more than the price were considered to have met the objective of the lesson. However, assessing the effectiveness of the lesson was difficult especially because the time allocated for the lesson was not adequate for all the students to participate in the role play. However, it ensured that each individual understood and learne d to apply the selling techniques on their own individuals’ capacity based on the clients’ needs. Activities during the practice and what I got from the practice One of the things that happened during the practice is that the students were excited about the lesson activities. The students wanted to participate in formulating the appropriate questions that they should ask potential automobile clients. The activity was the most interesting part and each student participated in formulating questions that they would ask a potential customers. However some of the students who were not confident did not participate. The other aspect that was interesting to the students was that of role playing. The students played according to social groups which made it interesting. Some of the client were tough and made the lesson exactly like what would happen to a car salesman. However those who were shy did not perform well in the role playing because they asked direct questions that could be answered fast (Skowron, 2010). On assessing the students based on their participants in role playing most of the confident students who were outgoing had better performance than the shy students. In the written test most of the student had better scores indicating that the information was highly retained by the students after the role play and simulation of a sales scenario (Zuiker, et al., 2016). The students were also happy and excited because they were actively involved in the lesson. Based on this experience the most important thing I have learnt is that the students have the capacity to learn on their own with minimal guidance. I noted that to be effective the teacher should incorporate more doing activities in the lesson because they helped the student to apply knowledge in real life situation other than having theoretical knowledge only. However, the time allocated for the lesson was not enough to include more activities in the lesson plan.ConclusionThe reflection has echoed the learning that has been accrued during the preparation of the lesson plans. The exercise has helped me to put into use theories of learning employed in teaching. I have noted that each theory applies in different scenario based on the subject being taught. I have noted that involvement of the student in real life activities through role playing and simulation was effective especially in teaching studies that required application of knowledge in strict life situation like selling to cus tomers who are different and need differing products. References Fink, D. L. (2005) Integrated course design. Manhattan, KS: The IDEA Center. Mccrea, P. (2015) Lean Lesson Planning: A practical approach to doing less and achieving more in the classroom. Brighton: Teacherly. Salsbury, E. and Melinda, S. (2008) Lesson Planning: A Research-Based Model for K-12 Classrooms. Alexandria, VA: Prentice Hall. Serdyukov, P. and Ryan, M. (2008) Writing Effective Lesson Plans: The 5-Star Approach. Boston: Allyn & Bacon. Skowron, J. (2010) Powerful Lesson Planning: Every Teachers Guide to Effective Instruction. 10th edn. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press. Zimmerman, B. (2015) ‘Self-Regulated Learning: Theories, Measures, and Outcomes’, International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, pp. 541-546. Zuiker, S., Anderson, K., Jordan, M. and Stewart, O. (2016) ‘Complementary lenses: Using theories of situativity and complexity to understand collaborative learning as systems-level social activity’, Learning, Culture and Social Interaction, 9(11), pp. 80-94

Greenland Essays - Geography Of Greenland, Greenland, Free Essays

Greenland Essays - Geography Of Greenland, Greenland, Free Essays Greenland Greenland The geography of Greenland is quite ironic considering its name. Greenland is Located in the northern part of North America. It is between the Arctic Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Canada. Greenlands area is approximately 2,715,600 square kilometers. Its area is slightly more than 3 times the size of Texas. It is the largest island in the world. It is also primarily by the Davis Strait and Baffin Bay and from Iceland on the east, by the Denmark Strait. Greenlands terrain is flat to a gradually sloping icecap. It covers everything but a narrow, mountainous, rocky coast. Its climate has cool summers and very cold winters! During the summertime in the southern part of Greenland, the average Temperature is 48 Fahrenheit. The climate of Greenland is generally dry. People have lived on Greenland for about 5, 000 years, the earliest belonging to what are called the Independence I, Saqqaq, and Independence II cultures. Greenland is the source of many weather changes in the Northern Hemisphere. Their natural

Help! What Should I Write About in My College Application Essay!

Help! What Should I Write About in My College Application Essay! ITS NEVER TOO EARLY TO ASK YOURSELF THE QUESTION If you’re finishing up your Junior year of high school, now is the time to start thinking about your college essays.   If you’re going to be a Junior and you’re reading this, its not too early.   The point is, start thinking of topics now! Why now?   Because the best college essays go through many lives before you  submit them.   You will  write, re-write, and re-write again.   Weeks might go by after a first draft, during which inspiration can hit by surprise. You want to have lots of time for your college admissions essays to percolate, to have those magic light bulb moments, or maybe even to wake up in the middle of the night from a dream and write a brilliantly creative essay (this really does happen!). If you start thinking about your essays in November, you won’t have time for the process to work on you.   Instead of waking up with inspiration, you will wake up panicked or worried that you’re on the wrong track.   You dont want that. POSSIBLE ESSAY BRAINSTORMING QUESTIONS Here are the current Common Application Essay questions to start your wheels in motion! 2016-2017 Essay Prompts Some students have a background, identity, interest, or talent that is so meaningful they believe their application would be incomplete without it. If this sounds like you, then please share your story. The lessons we take from failure can be fundamental to later success. Recount an incident or time when you experienced failure. How did it affect you, and what did you learn from the experience? Reflect on a time when you challenged a belief or idea. What prompted you to act? Would you make the same decision again? Describe a problem youve solved or a problem youd like to solve. It can be an intellectual challenge, a research query, an ethical dilemma   anything that is of personal importance, no matter the scale. Explain its significance to you and what steps you took or could be taken  to identify a solution. Discuss an accomplishment or event, formal or informal, that marked your transition from childhood to adulthood within your culture, community, or family. Many schools have questions unique to them as well, so take some time to research what those might be. Regardless of the questions, as you think through what to write, it is important to think deeply about the meaning of things in your life. Determine what about your experience is unique to you. Thats what will make your story about your grandmother, trip to Israel or soccer practice different from the next essay in the pile. SIT DOWN  (OR STAND UP) AND  WRITE Don’t just think about these questions – start writing!   Designate a journal for your college essay ideas.   You will be surprised how quickly it fills up with great content.   Keep filling it up, and when you go back to what you wrote several months before, you might be happily surprised by some of your thoughts. If you’re struggling finding the right application essay topic, don’t despair.   There are professionals at The Essay Expert who will help you recognize what is special about your experiences and support you to present those experiences in words.   By working with an expert, you will end up with truly great college essays and have the best chance of getting into the college of your dreams. Save Category:College AdmissionsBy Brenda BernsteinMay 6, 2010

Team Silos and there affects on Organizational Citizenship Behavior Essay

Team Silos and there affects on Organizational Citizenship Behavior - Essay Example Certainly, informational flow is an essential component necessary for organizational existence. In an environment of limited flow of information, there will be an inefficiency and corporate culture will be severely compromised. Managers often spend a lot of time in ensuring that information flows freely across all departments and ensure all department functions executes collective responsibility as expected. In organizational citizen behavior, concept is a desirable phenomenon that each organization wishes to cultivate at every level of the organizations existence. It relates to how the employees perceives the company and how their interpersonal relations affect the company operations. In other words, the concept calls for collective responsibility of employees towards the organization and their continued effort to build and sustain positive organizations image. Team silo continues to impact negatively on the organizational citizens behavior. Arguably, this is a detrimental mentality that can ruin organization traditions, values and interpersonal relations among the employees. The sheer spectrum of organizational citizenship is a far-reaching in multiple positive aspects. Firstly, it ensures that the employees remain cohesive and integrate employees effort towards the desired results. Where employees create a cohesive teamwork approach in undertaking their daily duties, the company best interest is safeguarded at all times, and a positive organizational citizenship is achieved (Organ & MacKenzie 2006). Secondly, employees practices working or future approach, this means they put the life of the company a number one priority. Sadly, where silos mentality is practiced, this important forecasting is lost, and the employees get embroiled in endless strife that limits scope of the organizational achievements and the success probability greatly diminishes. Team silo refers to an organizational mentality that restricts

The Importance of Artifact Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Importance of Artifact - Assignment Example For instance, Lithuanian has a game called Blind Chicken and it identifies itself with it in all corners of the world (Kawan 297). Their cultural practices are pegged on this game, and they find much inspiration from it. For this reason, this paper will analyze "Blind Chicken" as a cultural artifact of the Lithuanians society. This artifact is very important for this discussion because of its role in the Lithuanian society and it is very common with children. It is fun playing this game; hence people from this culture appreciate it in whatever circumstance. Similarly, it represents the values of this culture and helps the children during physical and emotional development (Nashleanas 630). For this reason, its characteristics made it worth discussing as an artifact in this society. The Blind Chicken is an outdoor or indoor game played by children, in a safe and free place away from obstacles that might cause them injury. The game is played by children of age 4 to 9 though other age groups can also play and enjoy, and it comprises a group of 3 to 12 players. It is played through blindfolding one player with a piece of cloth and then he or she is expected to find the rest of players within a certain boundary. The blindfolded player becomes the Blind Chicken, who looks after others. The blindfolded individual is expected to walk or run around, capture and identify one or more of the players. Accurate identity relieves the Blind Chicken, and the captured players take the role (Kawan 298). The Blind Chicken game has a long history since it began a long time ago in Europe before industrialization. It began in Eastern Europe among the Lithuanian communities who were poor and did not have toys to play with like other people. This community was destitute and their children used toys made of sisal, clothes, and wood, borne among others (Nashleanas 634).  

Domestic Violence is a Serious Public Health Issue Essay

Domestic Violence is a Serious Public Health Issue - Essay Example Thus, focusing on the theory of mindful space, this essay will illustrate how domestic violence can be prevented, if not at least avoided, by focusing on its primary victim - women. Domestic violence is a serious public health issue that often leads to fatality for victims or serious emotional, psychological, and mental problems for survivors. However as research illustrates, such occurrence is not the result of a single isolated event, but the product of a continuing pattern of abuse that usually "escalates through time in severity and frequency", such that women usually ignore lesser acts of violence until it becomes destructive and unpreventable (cited in Health, 1998, p.1468). In this respect, domestic violence can be prevented if its would-be victims can detect the lesser forms of aggression and employ effective measures even before domestic violence becomes destructive. Such approach, however, is difficult to achieve given the definition that today's literature attaches to viol ence. As Burlae (2004) points out, most definitions identify violence only after it has begun, making it difficult for victims to stop them. Hence, by understanding violence in terms of intimidation, coercion, and emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, women tend to ignore the lesser and less noticeable forms of aggression, allowing the aggression to escalate and become destructive. Such reactions from women can be attributed to today's patriarchal society where cultural norms, impose on them certain roles that make them vulnerable to these acts of violence. Using Virginia Woolf's phrase "angel in the house" description, Burlae explains that the roles women take within the family setting of being charming, sympathetic, selfless, and mindful of others illustrate "characteristics that are antithetical to the possession of one's own territory", making them vulnerable to acts of aggression (2004, p.87). Awareness, in this respect, requires more than disseminating information on what is domestic violence, but instead, re-orienting the victims', especially women, a perception of what constitutes violence. In this respect, Burlae proposes the "theory of mindful space" to help women identify cues early on and help them respond accordingly. As Burlae suggests, violence should be understood as an invasion of one's bodily, personal and cognitive spaces (2004, pp.94-97), which although not always violent per se can be damaging and destructive if left unchecked. Thus, while a husband being passive aggressive to his wife may not be violent itself, it is a violation of his wife's cognitive space, which could escalate to more violent behavior if allowed to persist repeatedly. Hence, he suggests being attentive to such violations of space and setting limits to determine when it is time to seek help, take action, or disengage from a relationship. In this respect, clinicians and social workers play an integral role in helping would-be victims identify invasions of space and craf t preventive strategies.  Ã‚  

Children Stay at Home for Entertainment Essay Example for Free

Children Stay at Home for Entertainment Essay The twenty first century held many changes for our life . This changes are different and multifarious . as well as this covered all aspects of life. The most effect was on the children that changed their life completely different rather than previous generation . Those children become spend a large amount of time inside their homes , playing computer games and watching television , rather than playing games and sport outside . This phenomenon is disturbing many people, therefore they ask what are the benefits , and what are the drawbacks in this case. This essay will talk about these views. To begin with ,there are two reasons may be most advantages for the children spend a large of time inside their home. Firstly , It is clear that children who spend more time at home for entertainment will be more safe from those who spend time outside, which may causes for them risk of theft or assault. Secondly , Children sit at home a long time help them to avoid many bad practices such as smoking or drug. On the other hand , there are many drawbacks in this instance , firstly , children who spend bulk of time inside their home, that means they will disappear from the sun for a long time, it may result in they have deficiency in vitamin D , which the sunlight is natural source for it , kids tend to stay indoor more days and play on their computers instead enjoying the fresh air . This mean their vitamin D levels are worse then previous years (S.Peace 2010)[1]. Consequently it lead to some diseases such as rickets , which this practice blamed for increasing numbers of children suffer from it . As well as these figures dismayed some scientists as well according to professor T Cheetham from Newcastle university[2] . Secondly, stay a long time in front of screen lead to fitness that the most common diseases among children. In conclusion can the children of new century enjoying with a new technologies , but they should not ignore the healthy practice which protect them from diseases . In fact I think the generation of this century is more lucky than their ancestors ,particularly if I compared him with our generation.

Fate, Destiny and Free Will in Robert Frosts The Road Not Taken Essay

The Road Not Taken:   The Paradox of Free Will Robert Frost's poem, "The Road Not Taken", is a profound philosophical approach illustrating the paradox of free will.   In the first line, Frost uses the metaphor "Two roads diverged" (1), to establish not only the dilemma of the traveler in the poem, but life itself.   The decisions we make in life, like the traveler in "The Road Not Taken", are not to be taken lightly.   There is a desire to be adventurous, yet we fear possible regret for 'what might have been'.   Either way, we must live with the choices we make.   "The Road Not Taken" is an ambiguous poem epitomizing the complex nature of individuality. The literal situation of "The Road Not Taken" concerns a traveler who is faced with   a very simple decision.   The traveler comes to a crossroads in "a yellow wood" (1). Two paths lay ahead of him, both "just as fair" (6).   The traveler desires to take both roads, but knows that he "could not take both" (2), and is disturbed by that realization.   He regrets being able experience both paths.   The traveler takes his time contemplating over which direction to pursue.   As he looks for sign to guide him, he notices an undergrowth hiding a bend in one of the paths.   This distraction in his line of vision was one of two differences in the roads that lied ahead.   The second difference is that the other road "wanted wear" (8).   Although the paths otherwise seem very similar, the adventurous traveler proceeds down "the one less traveled" (19). The traveler makes his decision, but is reluctant.   Instead of saying, 'it has the better claim', he says "having perhaps the better claim" (7).   The indecisiveness of the traveler is seen once again... ...cond practical literary device Frost uses is tone.   Tone reflects the writers attitude toward the subject being addressed. The obvious tone of the traveler is contemplation and hesitance. Frost is successful in using tone to communicate the mood not only of the traveler but that of the shaky situation:" I doubted that I should ever come back" (15). In conclusion, "The Road Not Taken" by Robert Frost, could not have developed the concept of individuality and choice any clearer. Frost is a great poet who has an uncanny ability to confound nature and life. "The Road Not Taken" has led me to consider more carefully the decisions I make.   The benefit of free will is the freedom to choose.   The misfortune of choice is the contemplation of regret.   Frost addresses this paradox in order to convey the complex nature of individuality and life itself.

E. E. Cummings :: essays research papers fc

The Poetry of E. E. Cummings E. E. Cummings, who was born in 1894 and died in 1962, wrote many poems with unconventional punctuation and capitalization, and unusual line, word, and even letter placements - namely, ideograms. Cummings' most difficult form of prose is probably the ideogram; it is extremely terse and it combines both visual and auditory elements. There may be sounds or characters on the page that cannot be verbalized or cannot convey the same message if pronounced and not read. Four of Cummings' poems - l(a, mortals), !blac, and swi( - illustrate the ideogram form quite well. Cummings utilizes unique syntax in these poems in order to convey messages visually as well as verbally. Although one may think of l(a as a poem of sadness and loneliness, Cummings probably did not intend that. This poem is about individuality - oneness (Kid 200-1). The theme of oneness can be derived from the numerous inezces and forms of the number '1' throughout the poem. First, 'l(a' contains both the number 1 and the singular indefinite article, 'a'; the second line contains the French singular definite article, 'le'; 'll' on the fifth line represents two ones; 'one' on the 7th line spells the number out; the 8th line, 'l', isolates the number; and 'iness', the last line, can mean "the state of being I" - that is, individuality - or "oneness", deriving the "one" from the lowercase roman numeral 'i' (200). Cummings could have simplified this poem drastically ("a leaf falls:/loneliness"), and still conveyed the same verbal message, but he has altered the normal syntax in order that each line should show a 'one' and highlight the theme of oneness. In fact, the whole poem is shaped like a '1' (200). The shape of the poem can also be seen as the path of a falling leaf; the poem drifts down, flipping and altering pairs of letters like a falling leaf gliding, back and forth, down to the ground. The beginning 'l(a' changes to 'le', and 'af' flips to 'fa'. 'll' indicates a quick drop of the leaf, which has slowed by a longer line, 'one'. Finally, the leaf falls into the pile of fallen leaves on the ground, represented by 'iness'. Cummings has written this poem so perfectly that every part of it conveys the message of oneness and individuality (200). In mortals), Cummings vitalizes a trapeze act on paper.